A Biochemichal and Ultrastructural Study on the Effect of Toluene on the Pars Distalis of Anterior Pituitary Glands of Adult Male Albino Rats

Salem, Rasha R.; Kelada, Melad N.

doi:10.21608/ejh.2020.21574.1222

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, neurons in group TOL manifested lower somatic size than the control group. This is supported by studies on rats administered with toluene, reporting loss of normal architecture in the cytoplasm, mitochondria, and nuclei of cells (Salem & Kelada 2020) and shrunken hippocampal neurons and darkly stained cytoplasm (Shaffie & Shabana 2019). Moreover, rats injected with 0.5 mL/kg toluene demonstrated evident shrinking of neuron soma, degeneration and vacuolization of neuropils, and detachments in the pia mater (Meydan et al 2012).…”

Section: Morphometric Analysis Of the Effects Of Nigella Sativa Suppl...mentioning

confidence: 62%

Nigella Sativa Supplementations Attenuate Recognition Memory and Cellular Morphometric Impairments Induced by Toluene Administration in Mice

Mohd Yusoff,

Hasan Adli,

Tiong

2024

JSM

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Toluene exposure has been associated with detrimental effects on the central nervous system. Discovering natural products that can offer neuroprotection following toluene exposure is an essential alternative. Nigella sativa (NS), a popular natural supplement, is a good candidate due to its antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. The study aimed to investigate the protective potentials of NS against toluene, on recognition memory performance in the Novel Object Recognition (NOR) test and cellular morphometric measurements of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Adult male ICR mice (n=30) were randomly divided into five groups: Group 1 (G1) - corn oil (CO), G2 – Toluene (TOL), G3 - Toluene and NS seed suspension (TOL-NSS), G4 - Toluene and NS oil (TOL-NSO), G5 - Toluene and thymoquinone (TOL-TQ). NS supplementations were administered orally once daily for 14 consecutive days while 500 mg/kg b.w. toluene was administered intraperitoneally from day 8 until day 14. Behavioural NOR test was conducted. Subsequently, mice were intracardially perfused and harvested brains were histologically processed. The somatic size and shape of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons were quantified according to specific morphometric parameters. Toluene reduced recognition memory performance of mice and somatic size of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Contradictorily, TQ, NSO, and NSS improved mice recognition memory and somatic size of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Somatic shape of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal was unaffected by the various treatments. Although non-significant differences were observed, the results indicate the tendency for toluene to cause impairment, while NS supplementations to improve mice recognition memory performance and brain hippocampal neuronal structure.

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Section: Morphometric Analysis Of the Effects Of Nigella Sativa Suppl...mentioning

confidence: 62%

Nigella Sativa Supplementations Attenuate Recognition Memory and Cellular Morphometric Impairments Induced by Toluene Administration in Mice

Mohd Yusoff,

Hasan Adli,

Tiong

2024

JSM

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“…Exposure to vapours of toluene once a day at the dose of 1000ppm for 15 minutes for 45 days resulted in a significant reduction in plasma level of Growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone in male albino rats [18]. Intraperitoneal exposure of rats to toluene at the dose of 900 mg/kg for 6 days caused vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes and epithelial lining of renal tubules, neuronal damage, and neurodegeneration [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic and Renal Biochemical Profile of Wistar Rats Exposed to Toluene

Obinna

Gbarakoro

2022

AJOB

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Toluene is an organic solvent that is widely used in many industrial processes and commerce. It is one of the environmental pollutants frequently associated with occupational hazards. In recent times, young people are becoming more interested in toluene addiction as a result of intentional inhalation of toluene-containing compounds, which can result in high levels of toluene exposure that can be damaging to their health. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of subacute oral exposure of toluene on hepatic and renal biochemical profile (an aspect of health indices) of wistar rats. Fifteen wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of 5 rats each. Group A (Control) received 0.5 ml of olive oil (vehicle) while groups B and C received 63.6 and 127.2 mg/kg respectively of toluene for 21 days by oral gavage. At the end of the treatments, blood samples were taken and the sera were used for analyses of serum biochemical parameters such as alanine aminotransferase - ALT, alkaline phosphatase – ALP, aspartate aminotransferase – AST, total protein, albumin, bilirubin, urea, creatinine and blood electrolytes (potassium, sodium, bicarbonate and chloride ions). Sections of liver and kidney samples were taken for histopathological examination. There was no significant (p >0.05) change in the hepatic and renal biochemical parameters of toluene-treated rats relative to the control. The liver and kidney histomorphology of the exposed rats were not different from those of the control. Oral administration of toluene, at the doses and duration used in this study, did not show any toxicity in the liver and kidney of exposed animals.

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“…This significant increase in progesterone could also be due to the effect of other factors, since the corpora lutea are also under the control of other organs rather than the ovary, including the hypothalamus and pituitary and even the uterus [ 53 ]. Indeed, a previous study showed that toluene caused a decrease in the level of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) responsible for the growth of ovarian follicles [ 54 ], which may have, as a consequence, an increase in progesterone as a result of the feedback interactions between ovarian and gonadotropic hormones. Intestinally, it has been previously reported that progesterone activates autophagy as a strategic neuroprotective mechanism [ 55 ] which may suggest that the significant progesterone release after toluene exposure has a protective effect of ovarian cells through triggering autophagy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toluene Can Disrupt Rat Ovarian Follicullogenesis and Steroidogenesis and Induce Both Autophagy and Apoptosis

Alrezaki

Aldawood

Mansour

et al. 2021

Biology

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Toluene has been shown to be highly toxic to humans and animals and can cause damage to various tissues. However, studies reporting its effects on ovarian function are still limited. In this study, we investigated the in vivo effect of toluene using female Wistar rats. We found that toluene exposure decreased ovarian weight and affected ovarian structure by increasing the number of abnormally growing follicles. Moreover, it significantly increased progesterone and testosterone levels. We also showed that toluene exposure decreased GDF-9 protein and its encoding gene. In addition, it inhibited the expression of most of the genes involved in granulosa cell proliferation and differentiation, such as Insl3, ccnd2 and actb. The TUNEL assay showed that apoptosis occurred at the middle and high doses only (4000 and 8000 ppm, respectively), whereas no effect was observed at the low dose (2000 ppm). Interestingly, we showed that toluene exposure induced autophagy as LC3 protein and its encoding gene significantly increased for all doses of treatment. These results may suggest that the activation of autophagy at a low dose of exposure was to protect ovarian cells against death by inhibiting apoptosis, whereas its activation at high doses of exposure triggered apoptosis leading to cell death.

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A Biochemichal and Ultrastructural Study on the Effect of Toluene on the Pars Distalis of Anterior Pituitary Glands of Adult Male Albino Rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Nigella Sativa Supplementations Attenuate Recognition Memory and Cellular Morphometric Impairments Induced by Toluene Administration in Mice

Nigella Sativa Supplementations Attenuate Recognition Memory and Cellular Morphometric Impairments Induced by Toluene Administration in Mice

Hepatic and Renal Biochemical Profile of Wistar Rats Exposed to Toluene

Toluene Can Disrupt Rat Ovarian Follicullogenesis and Steroidogenesis and Induce Both Autophagy and Apoptosis

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