A BIM-Based Smart System for Fire Evacuation

Abstract

Building fires constitute a significant threat that affects property, the environment, and human health. The management of this risk requires an efficient fire evacuation system for buildings’ occupants. Therefore, a smart fire evacuation system that combines building information modeling (BIM) and smart technologies is proposed. The system provides the following capacities: (i) early fire detection; (ii) the evaluation of environmental data; (iii) the identification of the best evacuation path; and (iv) information for occupants about the best evacuation routes. The system was implemented in a research building at Lille University in France. The results show the system’s capacities and benefits, particularly for the identification of the best evacuation paths.

The Making of Smart Campus: A Review and Conceptual Framework

“…Current research has only provided an overview of the business setting, such as meeting the global agenda of Industry 4.0 to modernize university operations which aims to create rich and diverse business systems [47]. Moreover, few discrete studies were completed on technology to sustain business, such as blockchain technology [52] to control the sales of energy [53], a circular economy created by recycling waste [54], building stock sustenance [55], and revenue generation using car parking spaces [56]. Research, to date, has only highlighted the possibility of improving efficiency through smart technology [49].…”

“…Moreover, there is an open extensible architecture to support service integration and creation [59]. Finally, smart technology is helping the management control resource utilization and information dissemination [48] for service provision in learning and other functions of a university [8,55,122].…”

“…Dedicated smart systems are developed, including the "Blockchain Business Model for Higher Education" (BBM-HE) created to transform business model for tokenized education [52]. In addition, the control and energy management system to boost and sell energy to the grid [53], the smart waste management system which recycles solid wastes for circular economy [54], the BIM-based smart system in the saving of building stock for investment [55] and finally, a smart parking platform providing profits for participants through electric vehicles [56] to lower costs, improve user experience and maintain a certain level of revenue [57] are also developed. It is, therefore, demonstrated that there are very few attempts in the development of smart technology for business services.…”

“…Moreover, the management of smart campus is enhanced by an ICT-centered methodology and software toolchain for monitoring and controlling infrastructure on energy management [122]. Finally, a smart fire evacuation system was developed based on building information modelling (BIM) to develop spatial building modeling plan for fire evacua-tion [55]. These are a few recent developments in smart technology assistance in service management which demonstrated a potential for more opportunities in the near future.…”

A Scientometric Research on Applications and Advances of Fire Safety Evacuation in Buildings

“…Big data, virtual reality crowdsourcing, and other technologies are used to quantify and analyze the human psychology and social behavior of groups under different evacuation situations. By integrating the Internet of Things, BIM, and fire dynamics simulation (FDS) technologies, real-time fire monitoring and intelligent simulation and formulation of fire safety evacuation routes are realized [79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90]. The emergence of ICT [91,92] enables people to begin to quantify and analyze human psychology and social behavior in evacuation situations on a large scale and accurately.…”