A Bidirectional Power Charging Control Strategy for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Energy flow calculation (EFC) plays an important role in steady-state analysis of multi-energy systems (MESs). However, the independent management of sub-energy systems (subsystems) poses a considerable challenge to solve the high-order nonlinear energy flow model due to the limited information exchange between these subsystems. In this paper, a fixed-point based distributed method is proposed for EFC in an electricity-gas-heating system. Firstly, the mathematical modeling of each subsystem with coupling units is introduced. Then, two information exchange structures among subsystems are presented as sequential and parallel structures. Based on the fixed-point theorem, novel distributed sequential and parallel methods for EFC are proposed to calculate energy flow distribution in MESs. In our proposed method, the EFC in subsystems is implemented by the individual system operators, with limited information exchange between subsystems. Therefore, the information privacy of subsystems can be preserved in this solution process. Moreover, the convergence of the proposed method is guaranteed, and the sufficient conditions for the convergence are presented. Lastly, simulations on a MES demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and the quantified superiority over the existing methods in computation time, accuracy and reliability. 1 Index Terms-Distributed method, energy flow calculation, fixed-point, high-order nonlinear equation, multi-energy system. i The active and reactive loads at bus i. P lossThe power loss of whole networks. ∆P i , ∆Q i Active and reactive power mismatches at bus i.

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“…The modeling of electricity system consists of active and reactive power nodal balance equations [25]- [26], as shown in (1)…”

Section: A Electricity Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fixed-Point Based Distributed Method for Energy Flow Calculation in Multi-Energy Systems

Zhang

Meng

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy

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“…The CE causes significant electrical damages and communication malfunctions in many systems [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. To reduce the CE, there are several methods [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] with different signal attenuation patterns. Each electrical system has different CE characteristics, so the CE attenuation method must be appropriately chosen for each system.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Conducted Emission Attenuation of Micro-Inverters for Nanogrid Systems

Jettanasen

Ngaopitakkul

2019

Sustainability

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Road lighting systems require a significant amount of electric energy. To compensate for the utilized energy, the concept of a nanogrid road lighting system is presented. A solar panel is installed on the top of a lighting pole to generate electric power. In this research, a photovoltaic simulator (PV simulator), which is used to simulate solar behavior such as current, voltage, and power based on temperature and solar irradiance levels, is employed to replace a solar panel. In the nanogrid system, grid-connected and stand-alone micro-inverters are employed to convert the electric power. The inverters comprise switching devices that can generate electromagnetic interference (EMI) when operating, which is harmful to the grid system and the electrical equipment. In general, EMI has been studied and reduced in electrical appliances, which only receive electric power. However, for the nanogrid system, which supplies electricity to the grid system, there is less study on the EMI topic because the usage is still not widespread. In the future, the nanogrid system will be widely used delivering high power directly into the electrical grid system. Therefore, the study and attenuation of EMI in the nanogrid system are very promising. Conducted emission (CE) is one form of EMI that flows through a cable connecting several appliances in the frequency range of 150 kHz to 30 MHz. CE of grid-connected and stand-alone micro-inverters have high levels in the low-frequency range between 150 kHz–5 MHz and then decreases steadily. CE attenuation is important for this inverter in a solar power system. This research studies the effect of CE mitigation on the nanogrid system. The result is compared with the Comité International Spécial des Perturbations Radio (CISPR) 14-1 standard. Finally, the passive EMI filter can reduce CE and meets the CISPR 14-1 standard.

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“…Design of robust higher order sliding mode control strategy for hybrid microgrids were discussed by Cucuzzella et al and Baghaee et al [13,14]. Mohammadi et al also reported some works on power management strategy in multi-terminal VSC-HVDC system, adaptive neural observer-based nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller & intelligent controller design for a class of nonlinear systems, bidirectional power charging control strategy for plug-in hybrid EVs for MT-HVDC grids [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. In proposed work, the constant switching SMC is described in which the switching losses are reduced as compared to the primitive SMC by maintaining a constant switching frequency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Computational Analysis of Interfacing Converters with Advanced Control Methodologies for Microgrid Application

Panda

Ghosh

2020

Technol Econ Smart Grids Sustain Energy

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Power electronics converter and inverter systems for microgrid operations are always stochastic. When the system is operating in grid-tied mode, the attached load is not constant, so the current which drawn from the DC grid also varies leads to a voltage drop and that causes steady-state error in between the actual and desired output voltage in microgrid. DC-DC bidirectional converters are widely used in microgrid application that facilitates bidirectional energy convertion which having boost mode operation in one direction and bucking mode in other operation. The Interfacing converter is controlled by using the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control technique for obtaining maximum power during different atmospheric conditions. In this work, a Model Predictive Control (MPC) strategy is proposed which having an improved cost function, single prediction horizon, and an observer to keep tracking the output voltage. Here, MPC is proposed for cumulative control in between the DC grid side converters and AC grid side inverter, and for improving the power quality and reliability of the utility grid. Both continuous time and discrete time domain models are formed for the whole system for applying different control strategies. Along with MPC, the system has been controlled by using other controllers like as PI controller, Sliding Mode Controller (SMC). Luenberger observer is used to check the DC grid voltage when disturbances are implemented. Here, all the computational results are compared for justifying and validate a better controlling method for microgrid application. These kind of work is first time reported in this manuscript.

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A Bidirectional Power Charging Control Strategy for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Cited by 83 publications

References 60 publications

A Fixed-Point Based Distributed Method for Energy Flow Calculation in Multi-Energy Systems

A Fixed-Point Based Distributed Method for Energy Flow Calculation in Multi-Energy Systems

The Conducted Emission Attenuation of Micro-Inverters for Nanogrid Systems

A Computational Analysis of Interfacing Converters with Advanced Control Methodologies for Microgrid Application

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