A Bibliometric Analysis of Triptolide and the Recent Advances in Treating Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

Abstract

In recent decades, natural products derived from plants and their derivatives have attracted great interest in the field of disease treatment. Triptolide is a tricyclic diterpene extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii, a traditional Chinese medicine, which has shown excellent therapeutic potential in the fields of immune inflammation and cancer treatment. In this study, 1,106 Web-of-Science-indexed manuscripts and 1,160 Chinese-National-Knowledge-Infrastructure-indexed manuscripts regarding triptolide published between 2011 and 2021 were analyzed, mapping the co-occurrence networks of keywords and clusters using CiteSpace software. The research frontier and development trend were determined by keyword frequency and cluster analysis, which can be used to predict the future research development of triptolide. Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is most common in lung cancer patients, accounting for about 80% of all lung cancer patients. New evidence suggests that triptolide effectively inhibits the development and metastasis of NSCLC by the induction of apoptosis, reversion of EMT, and regulation of gene expression. Specifically, it acts on NF-κB, MAPKs, P53, Wnt/β-catenin, and microRNAs (miRNAs), signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms. Consequently, this article reviews the research progress of the anti-NSCLC effect of triptolide. In addition, attenuated studies on triptolide and the potential of tumor immunotherapy are also discussed.

Triptolide restrains the growth, invasion, stemness, and glycolysis of non‐small cell lung cancer cells by PFKFB2‐mediated PI3K/AKT pathway

“…TP, an active ingredient in TCM (Wang et al, 2020), plays an inhibitory role in many cancers, such as ovarian cancer (Liu et al, 2019) and thyroid cancer (Wang et al, 2021). Yang et al (2022) found that TP exerted antitumor effects in NSCLC. TP could induce NSCLC cell apoptosis and suppress metastasis (Philips et al, 2020;Reno et al, 2015).…”

“…Yang et al. (2022) found that TP exerted anti‐tumor effects in NSCLC. TP could induce NSCLC cell apoptosis and suppress metastasis (Philips et al., 2020; Reno et al., 2015).…”

Molecular targets and mechanisms of cortex mori for lung cancer treatment: A network pharmacology study, molecular docking and experimental validation

“…According to the traditional Chinese drug-disease target protein interaction network and core target bar chart, JUN, AKT1, MAPK1, RELA, IL6, MAPK14, MAPK8, ESR1, FOS, CXCL8 and EGFR might be the core genes that exert anti-lung cancer effect of cortex mori. In tumorigenesis, AKT subtype AKT1 has dual functions, acting both as an oncogene inhibiting apoptosis and an anticancer gene inhibiting invasion and metastasis, which plays a dual role (Yang et al 2018). Lung cancer differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and stage are closely associated with AKT1 expression (Wan et al 2017, Cai et al 2022).…”

Selective Antitumor Effect and Lower Toxicity of Mitochondrion-Targeting Derivatization of Triptolide

“…Triptolide (TP), an active diterpenoid extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii, has biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and antitumor activities. TP is a promising antitumor candidate, as it can inhibit tumors in various ways, including inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, − immune regulation, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, and regulation of tumor cell resistance. , TP is effective on common tumor cells, multidrug-resistant cancer cells, and some tumor stem cells . However, with the increasing clinical application of TP, increasing studies and clinical case reports have shown that TP has serious adverse reactions, such as multiple organ toxicity .…”