A Basic-Systems Approach to Autobiographical Memory

Rubin, David C.

doi:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00339.x

Cited by 237 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…The concepts tapped by these measures are the ones commonly considered and rated in the autobiographical memory literature (Conway & Pleydell-Pearce, 2000;Johnson, Foley, Suengas, & Raye, 1988;Rubin, Groth, & Goldsmith, 1984;Rubin & Schulkind, 1997;Sheen, Kemp, & Rubin, 2001). Each question is a proxy for one or more complex theories or theoretical ideas (Rubin, 2005). The full set of questions is given in the Appendix of Rubin, Schrauf and Greenberg (2003).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is the basicsystems model of autobiographical memory summarized in Rubin (2005Rubin ( , 2006 and elaborated in a series of empirical studies Rubin & Greenberg, 1998, 2003Rubin, Schrauf, & Greenberg, 2003;Schrauf, 2000;Schrauf & Please send correspondence to: David C. Rubin, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University Durham, NC, 27708-0086, U.S.A. david.rubin@duke.edu.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross-cultural variability of component processes in autobiographical remembering: Japan, Turkey, and the USA

Rubin

Schrauf

Gülgöz

et al. 2007

Memory

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Although the underlying mechanics of autobiographical memory may be identical across cultures, the processing of information differs. Undergraduates from Japan, Turkey, and the U.S.A. rated 30 autobiographical memories on 15 phenomenological and cognitive properties. Mean values were similar across culture, with means from the Japanese sample being lower on most measures but higher on belief in the accuracy of their memories. Correlations within individuals were also similar across cultures, with correlations from the Turkish sample being higher between measures of language and measures of recollection and belief. For all three cultures, in multiple regression analyses, measures of recollection were predicted by visual imagery, auditory imagery, and emotions, whereas measures of belief were predicted by knowledge of the setting. These results show subtle cultural differences in the experience of remembering. Keywords memory; autobiographical memory; recollection; cross culture In psychology, the cross-cultural study of autobiographical memory has focused on two areas: the development of narrative in autobiographical memory (Han, Leichtman, & Wang, 1998;Jin & Naka, 2002;Mullen & Yi, 1995;Wang & Brockmeister, 2002) and the distribution of autobiographical memories across the lifespan (Conway, Wang, Hanyu, & Haque, 2005;Conway & Haque, 1999;Larsen, Schrauf, Fromholt, & Rubin, 2002;Schrauf & Rubin, 2000, 2003. In both these areas one notes the same basic results in different cultures often with small but interpretable modifications for culture or major events in the cultural life of the society.Here we view autobiographical memories as the products of component processes, with each process occurring in a separate behaviorally and neurally defined system. This is the basicsystems model of autobiographical memory summarized in Rubin (2005Rubin ( , 2006 and elaborated in a series of empirical studies Rubin & Greenberg, 1998, 2003Rubin, Schrauf, & Greenberg, 2003;Schrauf, 2000;Schrauf & Please send correspondence to: David C. Rubin, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University Durham, NC, 27708-0086, U.S.A. david.rubin@duke.edu. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptMemory. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 April 02. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript Rubin, , 2000Rubin & Siegler, 2004). This model is distinctive eschewing the notion of abstract, amodal information in the brain and in tracing the components of autobiographical memories (visual imagery, auditory imagery, emotion, language, narrative, and others) to specific systems represented by identifiable areas in the brain. Thus, an autobiographical memory is the result of selectively re-integrating sensory, motor, emotional, and linguistic information from various brain centers into a narrative whole that corresponds to the original binding of some or all of that information at the encoding of the event (Rubin, 2006).In previous work (Rubin, Schrauf, & Greenberg, 2003;Rubin & Siegler, 2004) we provid...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-cultural variability of component processes in autobiographical remembering: Japan, Turkey, and the USA

Rubin

Schrauf

Gülgöz

et al. 2007

Memory

Self Cite

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“…Their subsequent retrieval entails recreation of the pattern of neural activity that gave rise to the event in the first place. Each of these steps is elaborated below (see Eichenbaum & Cohen, 2001;Kandel & Squire, 2000;Manns & Eichenbaum, 2006;Nadel, Samsonovich, Ryan, & Moscovitch, 2000;Rubin, 2005Rubin, , 2006Winocur & Moscovitch, 2011;Zola & Squire, 2000; for reviews of these processes).…”

Section: Processes Involved In the Formation Of Memory Representationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychology of intelligence analysis: Drivers of prediction accuracy in world politics.

Mellers¹,

Stone²,

Atanasov³

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

134

130

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This article extends psychological methods and concepts into a domain that is as profoundly consequential as it is poorly understood: intelligence analysis. We report findings from a geopolitical forecasting tournament that assessed the accuracy of more than 150,000 forecasts of 743 participants on 199 events occurring over 2 years. Participants were above average in intelligence and political knowledge relative to the general population. Individual differences in performance emerged, and forecasting skills were surprisingly consistent over time. Key predictors were (a) dispositional variables of cognitive ability, political knowledge, and openmindedness; (b) situational variables of training in probabilistic reasoning and participation in collaborative teams that shared information and discussed rationales (Mellers, Ungar, et al., 2014); and (c) behavioral variables of deliberation time and frequency of belief updating. We developed a profile of the best forecasters; they were better at inductive reasoning, pattern detection, cognitive flexibility, and open-mindedness. They had greater understanding of geopolitics, training in probabilistic reasoning, and opportunities to succeed in cognitively enriched team environments. Last but not least, they viewed forecasting as a skill that required deliberate practice, sustained effort, and constant monitoring of current affairs. A t APA, we understand how challenging it can be for you to stay abreast of the latest and best academic research on psychology. Disciplines Finance and Financial Management | Social and Behavioral Sciences

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“…As such, our discussion does not explicitly extend to semantic memories, from which this sense of re-experiencing or 'mental time travel' is absent (Rubin, 2005). Memory distortions are almost always studied through the lens of 're-experienced' past episodes.…”

Section: A Tale Of Two Literaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the persuadability of memory: Is changing people's memories no more than changing their minds?

Nash

Wheeler

Hope

2014

British J of Psychology

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A Basic-Systems Approach to Autobiographical Memory

Cited by 237 publications

References 19 publications

Cross-cultural variability of component processes in autobiographical remembering: Japan, Turkey, and the USA

Cross-cultural variability of component processes in autobiographical remembering: Japan, Turkey, and the USA

The psychology of intelligence analysis: Drivers of prediction accuracy in world politics.

On the persuadability of memory: Is changing people's memories no more than changing their minds?

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