A atividade pesqueira na Plataforma Marítima de Pesca Amadora de Mongaguá (Brasil), Sudoeste do atlântico

Abstract

O presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a pesca e os aspectos socioeconômicos dos pescadores esportivos na Plataforma Marítima de Pesca Amadora de Mongaguá (São Paulo, Brasil), Sudoeste do Atlântico Sul. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas e exemplares capturados foram identificados, pesados e medidos. Foram entrevistados 114 pescadores, predominantemente do sexo masculino, com idade média de 51,0 (± 13,5) anos, entre dezembro de 2012 e agosto de 2016. As pescarias em grupos duraram 8,2 (± 4,8) horas, com captura média de 9,4 (± 11,8) peixes/pescador/dia e 1,9 ±3,5 kg/dia/pescador. A captura média anual de 30.120 (± 23.177), superior à 40% da pesca comercial desembarcada no município, no mesmo período (65.145,9 ±16.575,7 kg). A espécie mais procurada foi Trichiurus lepturus (peixe espada), embora os mais capturados tenham sido os bagres (família Ariidae). Foi possível registrar diferentes combinações de técnicas, aparelhos e iscas na captura de espécies com preferências de habitats distintos sob a plataforma. Os pescadores esportivos apontaram problemas relacionados à infraestrutura, conflitos com a pesca comercial e praticantes de surfing, assim como, problemas ecológicos relacionados a redução no tamanho dos peixes capturados. Recomendamos medidas de manejo integrado, que considerem os grupos sociais envolvidos, bem como, a sustentabilidade da atividade.

Recreational fishing in the Barra do Una Sustainable Development Reserve: subsidies for the integrated management of the Mosaic of Conservation Units Juréia-Itatins, São Paulo, Brazil

“…We observed changes in the profile of fishermen and fishing activities regarding the development of services provided to recreational fishing, mainly due to the increase of visitors practicing on the site (Molitzas et al, 2019), as well as the greater involvement of the community, for example, by the implementation of community-based tourism (Ferreira and Raimundo, 2016;Dopona et al, 2020). The predominance of men in recreational fishing is still a pattern in Brazil (Barrella, et al, 2016;Alves-Junior et al, 2020;Freire et al, 2020) and in other countries (Rees et al, 2017). The same pattern was observed in relation to the low frequency of possession of a recreational fishing license in other areas such as Deck do Pescador in Santos, where only 36.0% had a document to practice recreational fishing (Barrella et al, 2016) and 32.5% in the Mongaguá Fishing Platform (Alves-Junior et al, 2020).…”

“…The predominance of men in recreational fishing is still a pattern in Brazil (Barrella, et al, 2016;Alves-Junior et al, 2020;Freire et al, 2020) and in other countries (Rees et al, 2017). The same pattern was observed in relation to the low frequency of possession of a recreational fishing license in other areas such as Deck do Pescador in Santos, where only 36.0% had a document to practice recreational fishing (Barrella et al, 2016) and 32.5% in the Mongaguá Fishing Platform (Alves-Junior et al, 2020). Nonetheless, most license issues were identified in the states of São Paraná, between 2011 and2013, representing 56.0% of the licenses in Brazil in this period (Freire et al, 2020).…”

“…Nevertheless, recreational fishing is still poorly elucidated. Studies are needed to support the implementation of public policies regarding fisheries sustainability and environmental conservation (Alves-Junior et al, 2020;Freire et al, 2020;Holder et al, 2020;Dal Negro et al, 2021;Jeanson et al, 2021).…”

Sport fishing in Brazil: the current state

“…This centralization may be related to the ease of access to the locations as it is classed as urban fishery, i.e., one carried out near cities and urban centers (Albano and Vasconcelos, 2013). These places are safe and have infrastructure for carrying out the activity, which is considered a great cost benefit since fishers can access the places by land and return to their homes on the same day, spending only a few hours fishing (Silva et al, 2016;Alves-Junior et al, 2020). In the municipality of Santos, São Paulo state, most of the fishers who use the fishers' deck (fishing spot known among users) reside in the municipality itself (50%), or within the limits of the state of São Paulo (50%), a situation that facilitates travel by land via automobile, bicycle, motorcycle or bus (Barrella et al, 2016a).…”

“…Sport fishing is one of the most popular tourism and leisure activities in the world and it is widely practiced in many countries (Cowx, 2002;Cooke and Cowx, 2004;FAO, 2012), such as the United States (Muoneke and Childress, 1994;Siepker et al, 2007), Australia (McLeay et al, 2002;Broadhurst et al, 2005), Canada (Brownscombe et al, 2014), European countries (Aas et al, 2002;Lloret et al, 2008;Veiga et al, 2011;Tunca et al, 2016;Pita et al, 2018;Martínez-Escauriaza et al, 2020), and Brazil (Catella, 2004;Fabri, 2005;Holley et al, 2008;Peixer and Petrere Júnior, 2009;Sobreiro et al, 2010;Barcellini et al, 2013;Barrella et al, 2016a;2016b;Alves-Junior et al, 2020). This activity is also recognized as being of ecological importance (because it has an impact on the environment and food chains, as well as promoting environmental awareness), economic (because the market is worth billions of US$) and social (because it is a traditional and cultural activity, which is passed on between generations) (Pitcher and Hollingworth, 2002;Cooke and Cowx, 2004;FAO, 2012;Fenichel et al, 2013).…”