A 9000 year record of cyclic vegetation changes identified in a montane peatland deposit located in the Eastern Carpathians (Central-Eastern Europe): Autogenic succession or regional climatic influences?

Gałka, Mariusz; Tanţău, Ioan; Ersek, Vasile; Feurdean, Angelica

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.02.007

Cited by 48 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The transition to the next wet period at 8000 cal yr BP also mirrors the dust record, with a deeper water table occurring during the dust-free conditions between D2 and D3. This is prior to the bog undergoing dry conditions between 7800 and 7000 cal yr BP, roughly in line with D3, showing drying that has previously been observed in Romania (Gałka et al, 2016;Magyari et al, 2009;Fig. 7).…”

Section: Palaeoecological Proxy Recordsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Feurdean et al, 2012). More recently, testate amoeba (TA) (Schnitchen et al, 2006;Feurdean et al, 2015), pollen and diatoms (Magyari et al, 2009Buczkó et al, 2013), and macrofossils (Gałka et al, 2016) have been utilised to elucidate the history of hydroclimatic variability in the region. What is evident from these studies is the high inter-site variability, with clear disagreements on timing and extent of wet and dry periods within a relatively small spatial distribution (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Periodic input of dust over the Eastern Carpathians during the Holocene linked with Saharan desertification and human impact

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Reconstructions of dust flux have been used to produce valuable global records of changes in atmospheric circulation and aridity. These studies have highlighted the importance of atmospheric dust in marine and terrestrial biogeochemistry and nutrient cycling. By investigating a 10 800-year-long paleoclimate archive from the Eastern Carpathians (Romania) we present the first peat record of changing dust deposition over the Holocene for the CarpathianBalkan region. Using qualitative (X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning) and quantitative inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer(ICP-OES) measurements of lithogenic (K, Si, Ti) elements, we identify 10 periods of major dust deposition between 9500-9200, 8400-8100, 7720-7250, 6350-5950, 5450-5050, 4130-3770, 3450-2850, 2000-1450, 800-620, and 60 cal yr BP to present. In addition, we used testate amoeba assemblages preserved within the peat to infer local palaeohydroclimatic conditions. Our record highlights several discrepancies between eastern and western European dust depositional records and the impact of highly complex hydrological regimes in the Carpathian region. Since 6100 cal yr BP, we find that the geochemical indicators of dust flux have become uncoupled from the local hydrology. This coincides with the appearance of millennial-scale cycles in the dust input and changes in geochemical composition of dust. We suggest that this is indicative of a shift in dust provenance from local-regional (likely loess-related) to distal (Saharan) sources, which coincide with the end of the African Humid Period and the onset of Saharan desertification.

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Section: Palaeoecological Proxy Recordsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodic input of dust over the Eastern Carpathians during the Holocene linked with Saharan desertification and human impact

et al. 2017

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“…A low fire activity , low δ 13 C values in Sphagnum (Panait et al, 2017) and the dominance of macrofossils of Sphagnum between 4300 and 3300 cal yr BP (Gałka et al, 2016) corroborates the inference of local moist mire conditions. At a neighbouring site, Fenyves-tető bog, the testate amoebae reconstruction of Schnitchen et al (2006) indicates gradual wetter conditions from 4800 to 3400 cal yr BP, with several minor wet phases peaking at 4700 and 3570 cal yr BP.…”

supporting

confidence: 72%

“…On the other hand, the plant macrofossil record at Tăul Muced shows an alternation of Sphagnum and Eriophorum dominance, with a higher proportion of Eriophorum around 7000, 5800 and 4800-4200 cal yr BP, associated with dry conditions (Gałka et al, 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

How warm? How wet? Hydroclimate reconstruction of the past 7500 years in northern Carpathians, Romania

Diaconu

Tóth

Lamentowicz

et al. 2017

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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As natural and anthropogenic ecosystems are dependent on the local water availability, understanding past changes in hydroclimate represents a priority in research concerning past climate variability. Here, we used testate amoebae (TA) and chironomid analysis on a radiocarbon dated complex of small pond and peat bog sediment profiles from an ombrotrophic bog (Tăul Muced, northern Carpathians, Romania) to quantitatively determine major hydrological changes and July air temperature over the last 7500 years.Wet mire surface conditions with a pH between 2.3 and 4.5 were inferred for the periods 4500-2700 and 1300-400 cal yr BP by the occurrence of Archerella flavum, Amphitrema wrightianum and Hyalosphenia papilio. Dry phases in mire surface conditions and a pH between 3 2.5 and 5 were inferred for 7550-4500, 2750-1300 and 0 cal yr BP-present by the dominance of Nebela militaris, Difflugia pulex and Phryganella acropodia. The quantitative reconstruction of mean July temperature based on the chironomid communities suggests low summer temperatures for the periods 6550-5600, 4500-3150 and 1550-600 cal yr BP, while periods of slightly higher summer temperatures were observed for 5600-4500, 3150-1550 and 100 cal yr BP-present.There is a general good agreement between drier phases of the peat surface conditions with higher July temperature, suggesting that temperature may have been a controlling factor for water table fluctuation.Our quantitative reconstructions, among the first for central eastern Europe, show a relatively good agreement with other palaeohydrological studies from central eastern Europe, but contrast with others estimates from north-west Europe. Another important aspect of our study is that it provides valuable information on changes in local hydrology and the potential effect of the mean summer temperature over these changes.

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“…However, knowledge of the long-term ecology of Sphagnum and its habitat is still far from satisfactory. Ombrotrophic peatland development was substantially affected by climate changes in the Holocene (Barber et al, 2004;Gałka et al, 2015Gałka et al, , 2016Lamentowicz et al, 2015;Mauquoy and Barber, 1999;Tuittila et al, 2007;Van der Linden and Van Geel, 2006). Furthermore, disturbances due to human activities increased in the past several centuries, which led to a huge deposition of minerals and nitrogen on peatland surfaces (Dudová et al, 2012;Ireland et al, 2014;McClymont et al, 2008;Swindles et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience of plant and testate amoeba communities after climatic and anthropogenic disturbances in a Baltic bog in Northern Poland: Implications for ecological restoration

et al. 2016

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This study explores the history of the development of Sphagnum communities in an ombrotrophic peatland -Bagno Kusowo -over the past 650 years, based on high-resolution plant macrofossil and testate amoebae analysis. Our research provided information related to the length of peatland existence and the characteristics of its natural/pristine state before the most recent human impacts. Changes in the Sphagnum communities before human impact could have resulted from climate cooling during the 'Little Ice Age' (LIA). In this cold and unstable hydrological period, among vascular plants, Eriophorum vaginatum and Baeothryon caespitosum dominated in the peatland vegetation. Peat-forming Sphagnum communities survived the drainage conducted during the 20th century at the Bagno Kusowo bog. We provide three important messages through this study: (1) testate amoebae reflect similar hydrological trends in two peat cores despite considerable microhabitat variability, (2) average long-term water level 10 cm below the surface should be a target for active bog conservation and (3) sites like Bagno Kusowo are extremely important to preserve the remains of pristine biodiversity (including genetic diversity of plants and protists) that was completely removed from most of the raised bogs in Europe due to human activities, for example, drainage.

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A 9000 year record of cyclic vegetation changes identified in a montane peatland deposit located in the Eastern Carpathians (Central-Eastern Europe): Autogenic succession or regional climatic influences?

Cited by 48 publications

References 74 publications

Periodic input of dust over the Eastern Carpathians during the Holocene linked with Saharan desertification and human impact

Periodic input of dust over the Eastern Carpathians during the Holocene linked with Saharan desertification and human impact

How warm? How wet? Hydroclimate reconstruction of the past 7500 years in northern Carpathians, Romania

Resilience of plant and testate amoeba communities after climatic and anthropogenic disturbances in a Baltic bog in Northern Poland: Implications for ecological restoration

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