A 90-day subchronic toxicity study of submerged mycelial culture of <i>Cordyceps militaris</i> in rats

Jhou, Bo-Yi; Fang, Wei-Chen; Chen, Yen‐Lien; Chen, Chin‐Chu

doi:10.1039/c8tx00075a

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Moreover, blood, kidney, and liver functions were normal in models used for the study [50]. Using the 90-day subchronic toxicological assessment, Chen et al [51, 52] demonstrated that the toxicity of the powder of C. cicadae and C. militaris submerged mycelial culture was not significant even at the highest dose of 2 and 4 g per kg bw per day in SD rats, respectively. Meena et al [53] also found that the mycelia powder of C. sinensis was safe and non-toxic to rats up to 2 g/kg bw dose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose-lowering and hypolipidemic activities of polysaccharides from Cordyceps taii in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

Liu

Dai

Luo

et al. 2019

BMC Complement Altern Med

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Background Hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia are classic features of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Cordyceps taii , a folk medicinal fungus native to southern China, possesses various pharmacological activities. This study aimed to assess the glucose-lowering and hypolipidemic effects of polysaccharides from C. taii (CTP) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Methods Kunming mice were intraperitoneally injected with STZ at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. After induction of diabetes, diabetic mice were randomly divided into five groups: diabetic mellitus group (DM), metformin-treated group, low, medium, and high-dose CTP-treated group (CTP-L, CTP-M, and CTP-H). Normal mice served as the control group. After treatment for 28 days, body weight, fasting serum insulin (FSI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured. Histological analysis of pancreatic tissue and immune organ indices was also performed to evaluate the anti-diabetes effect of CTP. SPSS (version 21.0) software was used for statistical analysis, and statistical differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. Results Compared with the DM group, the body weight and FSI level of CTP-H group increased by 36.13 and 32.47%, whereas the FBG and HOMA-IR decreased by 56.79 and 42.78%, respectively ( p < 0.05). Histopathological examination of the pancreas revealed that CTP improved and repaired the impaired islet β-cells in pancreatic tissue. Compared with the DM group, the levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C decreased by 13.84, 31.87, and 36.61%, whereas that of HDL-C increased by 28.60% in CTP-H ( p < 0.05). Further study showed that the thymus index in CTP-H was elevated by approximately 54.96%, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP was inhibited by approximately 19.97, 34.46, and 35.41%, respectively ( p < 0.05). Conclusion The anti-diabetes effect of CTP is closely associated with immunoregulation and anti-inflammation, and CTP may be considered as a therapeutic drug or functional food for DM intervention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose-lowering and hypolipidemic activities of polysaccharides from Cordyceps taii in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

Liu

Dai

Luo

et al. 2019

BMC Complement Altern Med

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“…In the sub-chronic toxicity test (90-day) in experimental rats fed with C. militaris, no changes were found in clinical, histopathological and hematological parameters. The no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) was determined for C. militaris mycelium at 4000 mg/kg/day in experimental rats [160]. The maximum tolerance dose of cordycepin has been confirmed at 3600 mg/kg/day in mice without any adverse effects [111].…”

Section: Safety Assessment and Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 98%

Cordyceps militaris: An Overview of Its Chemical Constituents in Relation to Biological Activity

Jędrejko

Lazur

Muszyńska

2021

Foods

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Cordyceps spp. mushrooms have a long tradition of use as a natural raw material in Asian ethnomedicine because of their adaptogenic, tonic effects and their ability to reduce fatigue and stimulate the immune system in humans. This review aims to present the chemical composition and medicinal properties of Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies and mycelium, as well as mycelium from in vitro cultures. The analytical results of the composition of C. militaris grown in culture media show the bioactive components such as cordycepin, polysaccharides, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), ergothioneine and others described in the review. To summarize, based on the presence of several bioactive compounds that contribute to biological activity, C. militaris mushrooms definitely deserve to be considered as functional foods and also have great potential for medicinal use. Recent scientific reports indicate the potential of cordycepin in antiviral activity, particularly against COVID-19.

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“…Ophiocordyceps sinensis did not pose toxicological concern in rats in 28-days subacute toxicity study and 90-day subchronic toxicity study. 5,6 The acute toxicity study and the repeated dose for 28-day oral toxicity study of Aquilaria crassna indicated that Aquilaria crassna was might be a safe material. 7 However, so far, there has been no reports available on the toxicity of the combination of these components (as "Tran chau nguu hoang hoan") in the world as well as in Vietnam.…”

Section: Introduction Evaluation Of Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Of ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of acute and subchronic toxicity of “Tran Chau Nguu Hoang Hoan” in experimental animals

Ha¹,

Anh²,

Tinh³

et al. 2021

TCNCYH

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“Tran chau nguu hoang hoan” was prepared from 12 herbal ingredients. So far, the safety of this product, has not been reported yet. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the acute and subchronic toxicity of “Tran chau nguu hoang hoan” through oral administration in experimental animals. The acute toxicity was determined by the method of Litchfield Wilcoxon in mice at the doses of 2.42 g/kg b.w/day to 6.04 g/kg b.w/day. The subchronic toxicity was evaluated followed the Guideline of WHO and OECD in rats with oral doses of 58.0 mg/kg b.w/day and 174.0 mg/kg b.w/day for 12 consecutive weeks. As a result, in the course of the acute toxicity test, the mice showed no abnormal sign or death. In terms of the subchonic toxicity test, hematological indexes, hepato-renal functions and microscopic images of liver and kidney were unchanged. In conclusion, “Tran chau nguu hoang hoan” does not appear to produce acute and subchronic toxicities in mice and rats.

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A 90-day subchronic toxicity study of submerged mycelial culture of Cordyceps militaris in rats

Abstract: Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) is a parasitic fungus that grows on the larvae of Lepidoptera.

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

Glucose-lowering and hypolipidemic activities of polysaccharides from Cordyceps taii in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

Glucose-lowering and hypolipidemic activities of polysaccharides from Cordyceps taii in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

Cordyceps militaris: An Overview of Its Chemical Constituents in Relation to Biological Activity

Evaluation of acute and subchronic toxicity of “Tran Chau Nguu Hoang Hoan” in experimental animals

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