A 60 GHz Antenna-Referenced Frequency-Locked Loop in 0.13 $\mu$m CMOS for Wireless Sensor Networks

Huang, Kuo-Ken; Wentzloff, David D.

doi:10.1109/jssc.2011.2162768

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Also, the propagation delay through the three inverters connected in series is approaching a sizable percentage of the RC time constant. Therefore, the oscillator frequency in the actual circuit is significantly lower than the frequency predicted by (7). However, it still possesses the inverse relationship between capacitance and frequency.…”

Section: B Relaxation Oscillatormentioning

confidence: 90%

“…This equation assumes that the propagation delay through the inverters is small relative to the RC time constant and that the input capacitance of an inverter is much smaller than C s . With 75 pF ≤ C s ≤ 185 pF and R = 1.7 kΩ, then 3.57 MHz ≥ f Osc ≥ 1.45 MHz according to (7). However, the input capacitance to the inverter is listed as being up to 20 pF on the device data sheet, which is a sizable percentage of the smaller values of C s .…”

Section: B Relaxation Oscillatormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A frequency-locked loop (FLL) is similar to a PLL except that the reference waveform is only frequency locked to the input waveform. FLLs have been used in analog frequency measurement [3], synchronization to the power grid [4], oscillator frequency stabilization [5], FM spectroscopy [6], transceiver RF synchronization [7], and frequency synthesis [8]. These FLL circuits utilized analog components or digital processing of digitized analog signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Digital Frequency-Locked Loop System for Capacitance Measurement

Dean

Rane

2013

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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Similar to phase-locked loops, frequency-locked loops (FLLs) are useful in many applications involving waveform synchronization or synthesis. Simple logic circuit-based relaxation oscillators convert capacitance to frequency, which is a characteristic inverse relationship between output frequency and input capacitance. The oscillator's logic level square-wave output can be fed into an all-digital FLL that will frequency lock to the input signal and produce a digital output word N , where N is inversely proportional to the input frequency. The result is that N is linearly proportional to the unknown capacitance in the oscillator. This novel approach allows a simple FFL implementation for capacitance measurement and is demonstrated in hardware using a capacitive sensor that measures the mass of small quantities of water with an output capacitance range of 75-185 pF.Index Terms-Capacitance measurement, frequency-locked loop (FLL), sensor interface circuit.

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Section: B Relaxation Oscillatormentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: B Relaxation Oscillatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Digital Frequency-Locked Loop System for Capacitance Measurement

Dean

Rane

2013

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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“…The consistency between the measured results and full-wave simulation prediction validated that the configuration of the proposed filters is feasible. Numerous studies have been conducted on dual-band and triple-band filters because of the continuous demands of highperformance circuits from modern communication and electronic systems [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The proposed method is based on a frequency transformation from the normalized frequency domain to the actual frequency domain [1].…”

Section: Received 16 May 2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coupling matrix was extended to include designs of dual-and triple-band filters [3]. Additional triple-band devices have been proposed [4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Received 16 May 2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

A metamaterial antenna for WSN applications

Shanmugapriya¹,

Mohamed

William³

2014

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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A miniaturized antenna is designed, analyzed, and fabricated for high‐speed wireless sensor networks, which operates at 2.4 GHz frequency. The miniaturization is achieved using metamaterial technique. In this technique, a patch antenna loaded with complementary rectangular split ring resonators and slots is proposed to provide metamaterial effect. The characteristics of designed structure are investigated using finite element method‐based Ansoft High Frequency Simulation Software and gain, return loss, bandwidth, and VSWR are calculated. Double negative existence is confirmed from the measurement results which show negative permeability and negative permittivity. Omnidirectional radiation pattern is obtained for 2.4 GHz frequency. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:120–124, 2015

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A BiCMOS Lumped Element Model for a Millimeter‐Wave Dipole Antenna

Lambrechts

Sinha

2013

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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An analytical technique to model an electromagnetic center‐fed, half‐wavelength dipole antenna operating in the 57–64 GHz unlicensed frequency band with a lumped element model has been proposed, designed, prototyped using a 130 nm BiCMOS technology process and measured. The model based on the Foster canonical form for electrical antennas is improved to include substrate and high‐frequency parasitic effects. Good correlation of ultrawideband inductive and capacitive operation is achieved with the improved circuit. Dipole performance is characterized by a S11 of −12.81 dB and a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 1.66:1 at 60 GHz. The equivalent millimeter‐wave circuit performance is S11 = −12.7 dB with VSWR of 1.61:1 at 60 GHz. Measured performance of S11 = −20.6 dB with VSWR of 1.20:1 at 60 GHz was recorded. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:2955–2965, 2013

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A 60 GHz Antenna-Referenced Frequency-Locked Loop in 0.13 $\mu$m CMOS for Wireless Sensor Networks

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

A Digital Frequency-Locked Loop System for Capacitance Measurement

A Digital Frequency-Locked Loop System for Capacitance Measurement

A metamaterial antenna for WSN applications

A BiCMOS Lumped Element Model for a Millimeter‐Wave Dipole Antenna

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