A 6-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial to evaluate the effect of Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) and concurrent training on erectile function and testosterone levels in androgen deficiency of aging males (ADAM)

Leitão, Alice Erwig; Vieira, Melissa Carvalho de Souza; Pelegrini, Andréia; Silva, Edson Luiz da; Guimarães, Adriana Coutinho de Azevedo

doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.12.002

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…[18] In addition, a study on androgen deficiency in aging males (ADAM) showed that intake of an EL supplement and training exercise can improve erectile function and muscular strength, as well as enhance the level of testosterone compared with the placebo group. [19,20] According to our results, the isolated compounds from EL and EH did not exhibit superior inhibitory activity against the erectile dysfunction drug sildenafil, which exhibited an IC 50 value of (6.8 � 2.0) × 10 À 3 μM (Table 2). However, canthin-6-one alkaloids have potential PDE-5 inhibitory effects, with low IC 50 values.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Additionally, the alkaloid 9‐hydroxycanthin‐6‐one, an isolated compound from the roots of EL, antagonized the muscle tone of certain ejaculation‐related tissues in rats, resulting in penile erection and delayed ejaculation [18] . In addition, a study on androgen deficiency in aging males (ADAM) showed that intake of an EL supplement and training exercise can improve erectile function and muscular strength, as well as enhance the level of testosterone compared with the placebo group [19,20] …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phosphodiesterase‐5 Inhibitory Activity of Canthin‐6‐One Alkaloids and the Roots ofEurycoma longifoliaandEurycoma harmandiana

Choonong

Chaingam

Chantakul

et al. 2022

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Eurycoma longifolia (EL) and Eurycoma harmandiana (EH) are natural medicinal plants belonging to the Simaroubaceae family, and are well‐known for their ability to enhance male sexual performance. The present study investigated the phosphodiesterase‐5 (PDE‐5) inhibitory activity of intact roots of EL and EH. Additionally, canthin‐6‐one alkaloids, β‐carboline alkaloids, and quassinoids were also screened for PDE‐5 inhibitory activity. We developed in vitro root and callus cultures of EL and EH to determine their PDE‐5 inhibitory activity. Our results indicated that canthin‐6‐one alkaloids, which include canthin‐6‐one‐9‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside, 9‐methoxycanthin‐6‐one, canthin‐6‐one, and 9‐hydroxycanthin‐6‐one, exhibited PDE‐5 enzymatic inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 2.86±0.23, 3.30±1.03, 4.31±0.52, and 4.66±1.13 μM, respectively. The ethanolic extract of the intact roots of EL and EH, and the in vitro root culture of EH had large amounts of canthin‐6‐one alkaloids (1.50±0.04, 2.12±0.03, and 3.48±0.08 mg/g dry weight, respectively), and showed potent PDE‐5 inhibition. Our findings indicate that in vitro root cultures of EH may be used to replace intact plants, and canthin‐6‐one‐9‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside should be further investigated for development as a health supplement.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphodiesterase‐5 Inhibitory Activity of Canthin‐6‐One Alkaloids and the Roots ofEurycoma longifoliaandEurycoma harmandiana

Choonong

Chaingam

Chantakul

et al. 2022

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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“…Characteristics of the included studies (n = 9) are reported in Table 1. There were three studies that investigated a male population affected by hypogonadism [26][27][28], while six studies included a population of healthy men with normal testosterone levels [29][30][31][32][33][34]. E. longifolia was investigated primarily as a commercial water-extracted product (Physta ® , Biotropics, Berhad, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia) in seven of the nine studies included [26,27,[29][30][31][32][33], with variable dosages from 100 to 600 mg/daily for a minimum of 3 days to a maximum of 6 months (Table 1).…”

Section: Systematic Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the studies (n = 7) reported a significant improvement in total testosterone levels after E. longifolia treatment [26][27][28][29][30]33,34]. However, two studies failed to observe any improvement in testosterone levels when the treatment was stopped after 3 weeks [30] or prolonged to 8 weeks [34].…”

Section: Systematic Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, no intergroup statistical analysis was provided [29]. In patients with poor Androgen Deficiency in the Aging Male (ADAM) scores, testosterone significantly increased with 200 mg daily treatment of E. longifolia for up to 6 months compared to placebo [28]. Furthermore, there was a significant intragroup increase in testosterone over 6 months in poor-ADAM-score patients with 200 mg daily E. longifolia treatment alongside concurrent exercise.…”

Section: Systematic Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eurycoma longifolia (Jack) Improves Serum Total Testosterone in Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials

Leisegang¹,

Finelli

Sikka

et al. 2022

Medicina

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Background and Objectives: Male hypogonadism is a clinical disorder characterized by reduced serum testosterone in men. Although treatment using herbal medicines, including Eurycoma longifolia, has been investigated, the benefits remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of E. longifolia as a sole intervention to increase testosterone levels in males. Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) according to the PRISMA guidelines. Relevant articles were retrieved from the databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, Ovid/Embase, and Google Scholar. Results: After literature screening, a total of nine studies was included in the systematic review. Five RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. A significant improvement in total testosterone levels after E. longifolia treatment was mostly reported in both healthy volunteers and hypogonadal men. The random model effect revealed a significant increase (SMD = 1.352, 95% CI 0.565 to 2.138, p = 0.001) in the total testosterone levels in men receiving E. longifolia supplementation, which was confirmed in the hypogonadism subgroup. Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature supports the possible use of E. longifolia supplementation for enhancing testosterone production. Although more research is required before its use in clinical practice, this may represent a safe and promising therapeutic option, particularly in hypogonadal men.

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Botanicals in health and disease of the testis and male fertility: A scoping review

Shepherd

Ahmed

2022

Phytomedicine

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A 6-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial to evaluate the effect of Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali) and concurrent training on erectile function and testosterone levels in androgen deficiency of aging males (ADAM)

Cited by 16 publications

References 30 publications

Phosphodiesterase‐5 Inhibitory Activity of Canthin‐6‐One Alkaloids and the Roots ofEurycoma longifoliaandEurycoma harmandiana

Phosphodiesterase‐5 Inhibitory Activity of Canthin‐6‐One Alkaloids and the Roots ofEurycoma longifoliaandEurycoma harmandiana

Eurycoma longifolia (Jack) Improves Serum Total Testosterone in Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials

Botanicals in health and disease of the testis and male fertility: A scoping review

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