A 5-year audit of major maxillofacial surgeries at Usmanu Danfodiyo university teaching hospital, Nigeria

Abstract

BackgroundThere is a paucity of data on the pattern of oral and maxillofacial surgeries done in Nigeria. Despite the rising prominence of oral and maxillofacial surgery as a specialty in our immediate environment, no published audit of the surgeries performed exist. This study aims to present the pattern and types of major surgeries done by oral and maxillofacial surgeons in our hospital as well as the indications for such surgeries. It is hoped that the findings will assist in formulating informed policies and improving healthcare delivery.MethodsA review of hospital records of all patients who had major oral and maxillofacial surgeries at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital from January, 2013 to August, 2017 was done. Descriptive statistics such biodata, indication for surgery and type of surgery were recorded and analyzed using the IBM SPSS statistics for windows version 20 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp) software.ResultsOne hundred and forty six individuals who underwent 158 major surgeries under general anaesthesia were included. There were 82 males and 64 females, giving a male/female ratio of 1.3: 1. The ages ranged from 3 months to 81 years [median of 33 years]. Tumours and tumour-like lesions were the major indications for surgery [85 (58.2%)]. The most commonly performed surgery was mandibulectomy [31 (19.6%)], followed by Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) [29 (18.4%)].ConclusionMajor oral and maxillofacial surgeries are common in our environment. The frequencies of these surgeries can increase with better healthcare financing and universal availability of health insurance schemes. Efforts aimed at reducing the incidence of tumours should be instituted.

Referral pattern of oral and maxillofacial surgery cases in Sudan: A retrospective age-and sex-specific analysis of 3,478 patients over four years

“…Ameloblastoma was the most frequent diagnosis. This finding is in agreement with reports by Adebayo et al [ 9 ] and Siriwardena et al [ 14 ], where benign diseases were assessed along with benign and odontogenic tumors, respectively, and they were found to be the most common among both categories. Pleomorphic adenoma was the second most common benign neoplasm and the most common among benign salivary gland neoplasms.…”

“…Most patients were male, which aligns with previous reports [ 8 , 9 , 12 ]). Higher prevalence of tobacco use with subsequent malignancy and involvement in trauma may exhibit a sex norm pattern for males.…”

“…Furthermore, it is the only department in Sudan that receives referrals for a nondefined population, distinguishing it from military and police hospitals that focus on their personnel or employees. Most patients were male, which aligns with previous reports [8,9,12]). Higher prevalence of tobacco use with subsequent malignancy and involvement in trauma may exhibit a sex norm pattern for males.…”

“…Pathological diseases accounted for most of the diagnoses (36.1%), followed by traumatic events (31.9%). The frequency of the diseases differs between studies; however, it fluctuates between trauma and pathological diseases [ 8 , 9 ], which depends on the scope of focus for each hospital as well as the study population. While hospitals with an elective procedural scope tend to have more developmental deformities and pathological diseases, trauma is more common in hospitals possessing an emergency scope [ 2 , 8 , 10 ].…”

“…While developmental defects and odontogenic tumors and cysts are more prevalent in younger age groups, squamous cell carcinoma is more prevalent in the elderly. Moreover, Ibikunle et al [ 9 ] noted the skew distribution of age, and explained by inclusion of minor surgeries, for instances routine dental extraction.…”