A 3.5-8 GHz Analog Complex Cross-Correlator for Interferometric Passive Millimeter-Wave Security Imaging Systems

Wang, Chao; Ye, Xiuzhu; Chen, Xi; Xin, Xin; Liang, Bingyuan; Li, Zhiping; Hu, Anyong; Miao, Jungang

doi:10.23919/piers.2018.8597723

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…An ideal analog correlator is usually used to measure the phase difference between two input signals. In our previous work [19,20], the analog complex correlator based on the six-port technology has been applied in the passive imaging system for security applications. Assuming the inputs are two single-frequency signals S 1 (t) and S 2 (t), which can be presented as…”

Section: Principle Of the Proposed Analog Correlatormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be seen that the suppression of the RF signal by the LPF in the working frequency band (4-8 GHz) is greater than 19 dB. In addition, the analog integration circuit, which consists of a parallel 100 kΩ resistor and a parallel 100 pF capacitor, is located at the output port of the detector to meet the integration time requirements of the passive millimeter-wave imaging system [19,21,25].…”

Section: Detection Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As required by the amplifiers in the coupler and amplifier integrated chip, the DC voltage of the amplifiers is 3 V, and the total consumed current of the four amplifiers is 156 mA. Moreover, the size of the six-port circuit is 7.1 × 4 mm; compared to the previous work [19][20][21], the size of the six-port circuit has been significantly improved. The measurement result of the six-port circuit is represented in Figure 10.…”

Section: Measurement Of the Six-port Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Sweep-frequency test is focused on the Sweep-frequency correlation performance of the correlator, including its amplitude variation within 4-8 GHz and amplitude variation versus RF input power at the center frequency of 6 GHz. The setup for Sweep-frequency measurement is shown in Figure 12, which has been described in our team's previous publications [19,31]. The Sweep-frequency test is focused on the Sweep-frequency correlation performance of the correlator, including its amplitude variation within 4-8 GHz and amplitude variation versus RF input power at the center frequency of 6 GHz.…”

Section: Sweep-frequency Test Of the Correlatormentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Compact Broadband Analog Complex Correlator with High Correlation Efficiency for Passive Millimeter-Wave Imaging System

Chen

et al. 2022

Electronics

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In this paper, the design, fabrication, and measurement of a compact broadband (4–8 GHz) analog complex correlator for a passive millimeter-wave imaging system are presented. To achieve high sensitivity and high integration of the imaging system, the wideband and miniaturization of the correlator are required. The correlator achieves wide bandwidth by using the add-and-square method, which is composed of a six-port circuit and a detection circuit. In order to realize the miniaturization of the correlator, the six-port circuit is realized on the chip base on the 0.15-μm gallium arsenide (GaAs) process. The influence of mismatch of the detection circuit that employs zero-bias Schottky diodes on the correlator is also analyzed to guide the design of the correlator. The measurement results of the designed chips and detector are consistent with the simulation result. Finally, a Sweep-frequency test is applied to the designed correlator, and the measurement results show that, within the frequency range of 4–8 GHz, the correlation amplitude fluctuation is less than 1.9 dB and the correlation efficiency is larger than 99%, which reveal that the correlator is suited for interferometric passive millimeter-wave imaging applications.

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Section: Principle Of the Proposed Analog Correlatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detection Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Of the Six-port Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sweep-frequency Test Of the Correlatormentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Compact Broadband Analog Complex Correlator with High Correlation Efficiency for Passive Millimeter-Wave Imaging System

Chen

et al. 2022

Electronics

Self Cite

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“…The test results showed that the complex correlator worked well under the broadband noise signal, the small correlation circle origin offset and root mean square error showed that the phase error of the correlator was very small, the change of correlation amplitude was only about 1 dB in 1 GHz, which was better than that of 3.5 dB in multiplication. In 2018, Wang et al [ 9 ] developed a 3.5–8 GHz additive analog complex correlator for interferometric passive millimeter wave security imaging. The non-ideal characteristics of RF elements in this version of correlator caused quadrature amplitude error, which made the correlation circle closer to ellipse than to circle at some frequency points.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of a Novel Interferometric Microwave Radiometer for Human Body Temperature Measurement

Sun

Liu

et al. 2021

Sensors

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In this paper, the key technology of interferometric microwave thermometer is studied, the research can be applied to the temperature measurement of human body and subcutaneous tissue. This paper proposes a hardware architecture of interferometric microwave thermometer with 2 GHz bandwidth, in which the phase shifter is used to correct phase error and the quadrature demodulator is used to realize autocorrelation detection function. The results show that when input power is 7 dBm, the detection sensitivity can reach 176.54 mV/dBm and the temperature resolution of the microwave radiometer can reach 0.4 K. Correction algorithm is designed to improve the accuracy of temperature measurement. After correction, the phase error is reduced from 40° to 1.4° and when temperature changes 0.1 °C, the voltage value changes obviously. Step-by-step calibration and overall calibration are used to calibrate the device. Inversion algorithm can determine the relationship between physical temperature and output voltage. The mean square error of water temperature inversion by multiple linear regression algorithm is 0.607 and that of BP neural network algorithm is 0.334. The inversion accuracy can be improved by reducing the temperature range. Our work provides a promising realization of accurate, rapid and non-contact detection device of human body temperature.

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Study on Passive Millimeter-Wave Radiation Image of Exponential rough Surface

Yin

Zhu

et al. 2022

2022 IEEE 10th Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP)

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A 3.5-8 GHz Analog Complex Cross-Correlator for Interferometric Passive Millimeter-Wave Security Imaging Systems

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

A Compact Broadband Analog Complex Correlator with High Correlation Efficiency for Passive Millimeter-Wave Imaging System

A Compact Broadband Analog Complex Correlator with High Correlation Efficiency for Passive Millimeter-Wave Imaging System

Design and Implementation of a Novel Interferometric Microwave Radiometer for Human Body Temperature Measurement

Study on Passive Millimeter-Wave Radiation Image of Exponential rough Surface

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