A 2700-year annual timescale and accumulation history for an ice core from Roosevelt Island, West Antarctica

Winstrup, Mai; Vallelonga, Paul; Kjær, Helle Astrid; Fudge, T. J.; Lee, James E.; Riis, Marie H.; Edwards, Ross; Bertler, Nancy A. N.; Blunier, Thomas; Brook, E.; Buizert, Christo; Ciobanu, Gabriela; Conway, H.; Dahl‐Jensen, Dorthe; Ellis, Aja; Emanuelsson, B. Daniel; Keller, Elizabeth D.; Kurbatov, Andrei V.; Mayewski, Paul Andrew; Neff, Peter D.; Pyne, Rebecca L.; Simonsen, Marius; Svensson, Anders; Tuohy, Andrea; Waddington, E. D.; Wheatley, Sarah

doi:10.5194/cp-2017-101

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…We considered the new year to match the end of what we define as the dry season, as this is a reliable tie point in the record due to the abrupt drop in rBC concentrations based on the BC emission estimates from GFED4s and the fire spot databases from Australia and South America. This is also in agreement with Winstrup et al (2017) as the authors state that BC tends to peak a little earlier than New Year in their records (Roosevelt Island Ice Core -RICE) and to Arienzo et al (2017) as the WAIS Divide ice core presents rBC peaks in September. Also, the Pinatubo and Cerro Hudson eruptions (1991) identified in the record by Schwanck et al (2016) and Thoen et al (2018) were used as an absolute time horizon.…”

Section: Core Datingsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Antarctic ice core rBC records from other sites show a well defined seasonality, with peak concentrations in winter-spring (dry season) due to increased biomass burning activity in the SH during this time of the year (Bisiaux et al, 2012b;Sand et al, 2017;Winstrup et al, 2017). Na and Sr also peak in the dry season (during winter) due to intense atmospheric circulation and transport (Legrand and Mayewski, 1997).…”

Section: Core Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The core was dated by multi-parameter manual layer counting primarily driven by rBC seasonal variability, as this is a reliable parameter for dating in Antarctica (Sigl et al, 2016;Winstrup et al, 2017). We used S, Sr and Na records as additional parameters to the main counting, as these records show the more pronounced seasonal variability at the site (Schwanck et al, 2017).…”

Section: Core Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Refractory Black carbon (rBC) variability in a 47-year West Antarctic Snow and Firn core

Marquetto¹,

Kaspari²,

Simões³

2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Black carbon (BC) is an important climate-forcing agent that affects snow albedo. In this work, we present a record of refractory black carbon (rBC) variability, measured from a 20-meter deep snow and firn core drilled in West Antarctica (79°55'34.6"S, 94°21'13.3"W) during the 2014–2015 austral summer. The core was analyzed using a Single Particle Soot Photometer (SP2) coupled to a CETAC Marin-5 nebulizer. Results show a well-defined seasonality with geometric mean concentrations of 0.015 µg L−1 for the wet season (summer/fall) and 0.057 µg L−1 for the dry season (winter/spring). The core was dated to 47 years (1968–2015) using rBC seasonality as the main parameter, along with Na, S and Sr variations. The annual rBC concentration geometric mean was 0.03 µg L−1, the lowest of all rBC cores in Antarctica referenced in this work, while the annual rBC flux was 6.25 µg m−2 a−1, the lowest flux in West Antarctica records so far. No long-term trend was observed. Snow albedo changes in the site due to BC were simulated using SNICAR-online and found to be very low comparing to clean snow (−0.48 %). Fire spots inventory and BC emission estimates from the Southern Hemisphere suggest Australia and Southern Hemisphere South America as the most probable emission sources of BC to the drilling site. Spectral analysis (REDFIT method) of the BC record showed cycles related to the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) but not to El Niño Southern Oscillation ENSO, and comparison with time series of co-registered Na record suggest BC transport to the site not to be related to the intrusion of marine air masses.

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Section: Core Datingsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Core Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Core Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Refractory Black carbon (rBC) variability in a 47-year West Antarctic Snow and Firn core

Marquetto¹,

Kaspari²,

Simões³

2019

Preprint

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“…The ice was cut into 1 m segments and melted at a controlled rate of approximately 3 cm min −1 , producing a liquid flow rate of ∼ 16.8 mL min −1 . The melting set-up is based on Bigler et al (2011) and is discussed in more detail in Emanuelsson et al (2015), and Winstrup et al (2017). Briefly, the cores were placed vertically on a gold-coated copper melting plate and were allowed to melt continuously under gravitational pull.…”

Section: Melting and Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are particularly important as a temperature proxy (Dansgaard, 1964;Epstein et al, 1963) and are a key component in establishing the age-depth scale and chronology of ice cores (NGRIP Members, 2004;Vinther et al, 2006;Winstrup et al, 2017). They also provide other information about climate, including accumulation rates, precipitation source region, atmospheric circulation and air mass transport, and sea ice extent (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculating uncertainty for the RICE ice core continuous flow analysis water isotope record

et al. 2018

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Abstract. We describe a systematic approach to the calibration and uncertainty estimation of a high-resolution continuous flow analysis (CFA) water isotope (δ 2 H, δ 18 O) record from the Roosevelt Island Climate Evolution (RICE) Antarctic ice core. Our method establishes robust uncertainty estimates for CFA δ 2 H and δ 18 O measurements, comparable to those reported for discrete sample δ 2 H and δ 18 O analysis. Data were calibrated using a time-weighted two-point linear calibration with two standards measured both before and after continuously melting 3 or 4 m of ice core. The error at each data point was calculated as the quadrature sum of three factors: Allan variance error, scatter over our averaging interval (error of the variance) and calibration error (error of the mean). Final mean total uncertainty for the entire record is δ 2 H = 0.74 ‰ and δ 18 O = 0.21 ‰. Uncertainties vary through the data set and were exacerbated by a range of factors, which typically could not be isolated due to the requirements of the multi-instrument CFA campaign. These factors likely occurred in combination and included ice quality, ice breaks, upstream equipment failure, contamination with drill fluid and leaks or valve degradation. We demonstrate that our methodology for documenting uncertainty was effective across periods of uneven system performance and delivered a significant achievement in the precision of highresolution CFA water isotope measurements.

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Refractory Black Carbon Results and a Method Comparison between Solid-state Cutting and Continuous Melting Sampling of a West Antarctic Snow and Firn Core

et al. 2020

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A 2700-year annual timescale and accumulation history for an ice core from Roosevelt Island, West Antarctica

Abstract: 20We present a 2700-year annually resolved timescale for the Roosevelt Island Climate 21 Evolution (RICE) ice core, and reconstruct a snow accumulation history for the coastal sector 22 of the Ross Ice Shelf in West Antarctica.

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Refractory Black carbon (rBC) variability in a 47-year West Antarctic Snow and Firn core

Refractory Black carbon (rBC) variability in a 47-year West Antarctic Snow and Firn core

Calculating uncertainty for the RICE ice core continuous flow analysis water isotope record

Refractory Black Carbon Results and a Method Comparison between Solid-state Cutting and Continuous Melting Sampling of a West Antarctic Snow and Firn Core

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