A 20-year stability analysis of the study of values for intellectually gifted individuals from adolescence to adulthood.

Abstract

A sample of 203 intellectually gifted adolescents (top 1%) were administered the Allport-Vernon-Lindzey (1970) Study of Values (SOV) at age 13; 20 years later, they were administered the SOV again. In this study, researchers evaluated the intra-and interindividual temporal stability of the 6 SOV themes, namely, Theoretical (T), Economic (E), Political (P), Aesthetic (A), Social (S), and Religious (R). Over the 20-year test-retest interval, the SOWs mean and median interindividual correlations for the 6 themes were .37 and .34, respectively. Correspondingly, the mean and median of all 203 intraindividual correlations were .30 and .39. Configural analyses of the most dominant theme at age 13 revealed that this theme was significantly more likely than chance to be dominant or adjacent to the dominant theme at age 33. Adjacency was ascertained through a number of empirically based auxiliary analyses of the SOV, revealing 2 robust gender-differentiating clusters: T-E-P for males and AS -R for females.

Generational Differences in Work Values: Leisure and Extrinsic Values Increasing, Social and Intrinsic Values Decreasing

“…Each generation is influenced by broad forces (i.e., parents, peers, media, critical economic and social events, and popular culture) that create common value systems distinguishing them from people who grew up at different times. These forces are strongest during an individual's childhood and adolescence; for example, work values remain relatively stable from early adolescence to young adulthood (Lubinski, Schmidt, & Benbow, 1996;Meglino & Ravlin, 1998). According to Scott (2000, p. 356), this value system or view of the world "stays with the individual throughout their lives and is the anchor against which later experiences are interpreted.…”

Ageing towards meaningful work? Age, labour-market change, and attitudes to work in the Swedish workforce, 1979–2003

“…As stated above, the years included are clustered into four sub-periods: 1979(I), 1987(II), 1994-1996(III), and 2001-2003. The fact that the ULF comprises a rich set of information and covers a relatively long time span offers unique possibilities for analysing long-term trends, in this case changes in the distribution of attitudes to work.…”

“…Understood in this way, they represent standards of behaviour towards which the individual has a strong positive attitude (Liu & Lay, 2012). Different generations face different experiences and events during their lives, and this might, in turn, generate different experiences, expectations and values about work that are then expressed as generational differences of attitude (Cennamo & Gardner, 2008;Lubinski, Schmidt, & Benbow, 1996;Meglino & Ravlin, 1998). In a recent study from the United States, Twenge et al (2010) compared work values of three different generations born after World War II and found that leisure values (i.e., extrinsic values) increased steadily over the generations, while work centrality and emphasis on intrinsic work values declined.…”

“…From this point of view, age-differences reflect that different age-groups belong to different cohorts. The fact that different cohorts established themselves on the labour market in different historical periods, each of which was dominated by a particular set of norms and values about work, should be reflected in age-differences regarding attitudes (Twenge et al, 2010;Stamov-Roßnagel & Hertel, 2010;Lubinski, Schmidt, & Benbow, 1996;Meglino & Ravlin, 1998). The structural hypothesis explains age-differences as reflections of structural conditions in the labour market.…”

The effects of personal values on service climate and service delivery in the hospitality industry

“…In understanding values, Spranger (1928) (Hechter, 1993). After the 1980s, interest in personal values studies became more diverse, with the stability of personal values (e.g., Lubinski, Schmidt, & Benbow, 1996;Rokeach & Ball-Rokeach, 1989), methodological advancement (England & Lee, 1974;Maznevski, Gomez, DiStefano, Noorderhaven, & Wu, 2002) and many other aspects being investigated. Among a number of researchers, Schwartz (1992Schwartz ( , 1994b) is recognised as the most widely known scholar in the recent study of personal values (Krystallis & Vassallo, 2012;Ralston et al, 2011).…”