A 13‐year follow‐up of social drinkers

Tofler, Oswald B.; Woodings, Terry

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1982.tb124251.x

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Thirteen articles (39.4%) examined the incidence of gout in only one gender (Men = 10, Women = 3), the remaining 20 articles (60.6%) compared both genders. Age as a risk factor was examined in four articles [6][7][8][9], ethnicity in two [10,11], dietary risk factors in 16 articles [6][7][8][9][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], comorbidities and metabolic disorders in 13 [6][7][8][9][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] and medication use in seven [6,[26][27][28][33][34][35].…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of the NOS quality appraisal of the included articles can be found in Additional file 1: Table S1. Nineteen (57.6%) of the 33 articles used a specific group of participants in their studies (the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study and the Nurse's Health Study [12,15,16,18,19,22,24,30], student cohorts [10,36], Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC) [27,28,33], Third Harvard Growth Study cohort [37], healthy, male runners [13] and hotel managers and their associates [20]), which are unlikely to represent the general population. All but one article recruited exposed and non-exposed participants from the same cohort [10].…”

Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twenty-four (72.7%) specifically mentioned that participants with prevalent gout were excluded at the beginning of the study [6-9, 11-16, 18, 19, 22, 24, 27, 30-35, 38]. Two (6.1%) articles provided only unadjusted risk estimates [20,26]. Prior et al [9] provided adjusted risks for some, but not all, of the exposures included.…”

Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Roubenoff et al [36] diagnosed gout by medical chart review after the participant had selfreported gout. Tofler and Woodings [20] diagnosed gout based on prescription of un-specified anti-gout medications by the participant's own doctor. Ten (30.3%) articles used record-linkage to diagnose gout [6-9, 23, 31, 32, 35].…”

Section: Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven articles examined the association between alcohol consumption and incident gout [6,8,9,13,19,20,23], with three directly comparing men and women [6,8]. Chen et al [8] examined the overall risk in men and women (women < 50 years of age and women ≥50 years of age) who drank alcohol (including abstainers) and developed gout compared to those who never drink and found no statistically significant risk.…”

Section: Dietary Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender-specific risk factors for gout: a systematic review of cohort studies

et al. 2019

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Background: Though gout is more prevalent in men than women, it remains unclear whether gender influences risk factors for incident gout. We aimed to systematically review all cohort studies examining risk factors for the development of gout by gender. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to March 2019. Risk factors for gout examined were: age, ethnicity, consumption of alcohol, meat, seafood, dairy products, purine-rich vegetables, coffee and fructose, vitamin C intake, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, metabolic syndrome, BMI, waist and chest circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, weight change, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemias, renal disease, psoriasis, hypertension, diuretic use and anti-diabetic medication. Cohort studies were included if examining (at least) one of these risk factors for gout in either gender in the general population or primary care. Sample characteristics from included articles and their reported risk estimates were described using narrative synthesis. Results: Thirty-three articles were included, 20 (60.6%)directly compared risk factors by gender, 10 (30.3%) used men-only samples, 3 (9.1%) used women-only samples. Articles comparing risk across genders found similar increases in most risk factors. However, in men, metabolic syndrome (Hazard Ratio (95% CI) 1.37(1.20-1.58)) presented a risk of incident gout compared to none in women (> 50 years 1.15(0.85-1.54); ≤50 years 1.29(0.76-2.17)). Compared to men, women showed greater associated risk with higher consumption of fish and shellfish (HR (95% CI) Men: 1.02 (0.86-1.22); Women 1.36 (1.12-1.65)). Conclusions: Risk factors for developing gout did not typically differ between genders and therefore similar preventative advice can be provided. Exceptions were metabolic syndrome in men and excessive seafood consumption in women, but these singular articles need further examination and in general more research into the risk factors for gout which includes women is required.

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