A 0.5 V 68 nW ECG Monitoring Analog Front-End for Arrhythmia Diagnosis

Kosari, Avish; Breiholz, Jacob; Liu, Ningxi; Calhoun, Benton H.; Wentzloff, David D.

doi:10.3390/jlpea8030027

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Several works have proposed different AFEs for ECG recording [5,[7][8][9][10][11][12]. Typical AFEs are composed of a low-noise amplifier (LNA), some filtering block usually with a low-pass or band-pass response, a variable-gain amplifier, and an analogto-digital converter (ADC).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this may be an overdesign for some applications in WBANs due to the higher power consumption required. In the case of circuits to detect only the heartbeat, for example to monitor arrhythmia, the requirements can be alleviated [5,9,10]. In these AFEs and particularly their LNAs can have a much lower power consumption in the nW range, while the noise introduced is higher.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [9] an ultra low power front end is presented, with an LNA, a low-pass filter and a variable gain amplifier. Most (more than 1 3 ) of its power is consumed in the first of the LNA to decrease the IRN value, as in the previous work.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Behavioral Analysis of Noise and Bandwidth Specifications of Heartbeat Detection Circuits for Ultra Low Power Devices

et al. 2023

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This paper presents the behavioral modeling of three circuit architectures, which are suitable for heartbeat detection in wireless healthcare applications. The developed front-end models implement an analog system that detects the heartbeats for lower power consumption and higher detection accuracy without digital signal processing. Therefore, the circuit blocks and their critical specifications specifically regarding the noise and bandwidth are evaluated. The architectures are implemented in Verilog-A and their behavior simulations use real electrocardiogram (ECG) signals with different characteristics and conditions. All architectures have amplification, band-pass and notch response blocks as their first three stages. Then, the first circuit architecture detects the heartbeat using an adaptive threshold based on a pulse width approach. The second heartbeat detection scheme finds the maximum and minimum values of each beat using a sample-and-hold-based peak detector. The third model uses a similar peak detection scheme, but delays the analog signal for better precision. The simulation results show that all models can detect heartbeats when the input noise is less than 20 µV , the third having the highest noise tolerance of around 50 µV . For the ECG signal to maintain its characteristics with respect to its positive and negative peak, the bandpass response should present a low cutoff frequency below 10 Hz.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Behavioral Analysis of Noise and Bandwidth Specifications of Heartbeat Detection Circuits for Ultra Low Power Devices

et al. 2023

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“…Typically, differential amplifiers [18] or op-amp [19] are used to limit the bandwidth and amplify microscopic electrical signals to measure heart signals. We fabricated miniaturized monitoring modules using a programmable analog block and a small number of elements.…”

Section: System Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Wearable Wireless Electrocardiogram Detection System using Bluetooth Low Energy

et al. 2021

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Wearable monitoring devices can provide patients and doctors with the capability to measure bio-signals on demand. These systems provide enormous benefits for people with acute symptoms of serious health conditions. In this paper, we propose a novel method for collecting ECG signals using two wireless wearable modules. The electric potential measured from a sub-module is transferred to the main module through Bluetooth Low Energy, and the collected values are simultaneously displayed in the form of a graph. This study describes the configuration and outcomes of the proposed system and discusses the important challenges associated with the functioning of the device. The proposed system had 84% signal similarity to that of other commercial products. As a band-type module was used on each wrist to check the signal, continuous observation of patients can be achieved without restricting their actions or causing discomfort.

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“…AFE is essential in WMDs for signal amplification and for identifying human abnormalities. Each electrode in a conventional AFE must have its own amplifier, filter, and ADC converter, which creates a variety of design challenges, such as the large active area of resistors, complexity, scalability, and power consumption [35][36][37]. The MUX-based AFE is suggested in this study as a solution to these problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 0.8 V, 14.76 nVrms, Multiplexer-Based AFE for Wearable Devices Using 45 nm CMOS Techniques

Tamilarasan,

Duraisamy,

Elangovan

et al. 2023

Micromachines

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Wearable medical devices (WMDs) that continuously monitor health conditions enable people to stay healthy in everyday situations. A wristband is a monitoring format that can measure bioelectric signals. The main part of a wearable device is its analog front end (AFE). Wearables have issues such as low reliability, high power consumption, and large size. A conventional AFE device uses more analog-to-digital converters, amplifiers, and filters for individual electrodes. Our proposed MUX-based AFE design requires fewer components than a conventional AFE device, reducing power consumption and area. It includes a single-ended differential feedback operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) and n-pass MUX-based AFE circuits which are related to the emergence of low power, low area, and low cost AFE-integrated chips that are required for wearable biomedical applications. The proposed 6T n-pass multiplexer measures a gain of −68 dB across a frequency range of 100 kHz with a 136.5 nW power consumption and a delay of 0.07 ns. The design layout area is approximately 9.8 µm2 and uses 45 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Additionally, the proposed single-ended differential OTA has an obtained input referred noise of 0.014 µVrms, and a gain of −5.5 dB, while the design layout area is about 2 µm2 and was designed with the help of the Cadence Virtuoso layout design tool.

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A 0.5 V 68 nW ECG Monitoring Analog Front-End for Arrhythmia Diagnosis

Cited by 18 publications

References 20 publications

Behavioral Analysis of Noise and Bandwidth Specifications of Heartbeat Detection Circuits for Ultra Low Power Devices

Behavioral Analysis of Noise and Bandwidth Specifications of Heartbeat Detection Circuits for Ultra Low Power Devices

Development of Wearable Wireless Electrocardiogram Detection System using Bluetooth Low Energy

A 0.8 V, 14.76 nVrms, Multiplexer-Based AFE for Wearable Devices Using 45 nm CMOS Techniques

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