Untitled

Abstract

There is a high prevalence of suicide among elderly Chinese, and particularly among elderly Chinese women in Mainland China with a prevalence of 19.6 per hundred thousand. Since Chinese individuals may much more highly value education, a cognitive-behavioral package originated by Ricardo Munoz, Ph.D. was adapted for Chinese American subjects. The material was videotaped in eight sessions, approximately 25 minutes in length, to be shown to community subjects who were at least 40 years and over. In addition, a videotape of muscular relaxation techniques was made. A manual written in Chinese about the content of each class, was given to each subject when he/she attended. The experimental group showed significant improvement in the scores in the Hamilton Depression Scale, including the Somatic Subscale in the Hamilton Anxiety Scale. There was no significant improvement in the control group on any of the measures. Thus the study suggests the efficacy of psychoeducational classes in reducing symptoms of depression in non-patient community elderly. Other studies are being conducted among Korean Americans and Japanese Americans in the United States, and also in the Orient among Japanese elderly.

The methods and outcomes of cultural adaptations of psychological treatments for depressive disorders: a systematic review

“…Figure 1 shows the flow chart of studies from this starting point. Nineteen published studies (Comas-Diaz, 1981; Dai et al 1999; Kohn et al 2002; Araya et al 2003; Bolton et al 2003; Miranda et al 2003 b ; Patel et al 2003; Rojas et al 2007; Rahman et al 2008; Wong, 2008 b ; Grote et al 2009; Hamdan-Mansour et al 2009; Afuwape et al 2010; Beeber et al 2010; Ell et al 2010; Gater et al 2010; Dwight-Johnson et al 2011; Naeem et al 2011; Patel et al 2011) and one unpublished Ph.D. dissertation (Crespo, 2006) were included in the review. The characteristics of the included studies, all of the which were written in English language, are described in Table 1.…”

“…Out of 20 included studies, four were cluster RCTs (Bolton et al 2003; Rahman et al 2008; Gater et al 2010; Patel et al 2011), 14 individually RCTs (Comas-Diaz, 1981; Araya et al 2003; Miranda et al 2003 b ; Patel et al 2003; Crespo, 2006; Rojas et al 2007; Wong, 2008 b ; Grote et al 2009; Hamdan-Mansour et al 2009; Afuwape et al 2010; Beeber et al 2010; Ell et al 2010; Dwight-Johnson et al 2011; Naeem et al 2011) and two non-RCTs (Dai et al 1999; Kohn et al 2002). Risk of bias of included studies is presented in Appendix 2 online.…”

“…Finally, 13 (65%) studies reported adaptations to ensure that the PT fit into the patient's broader social context (Comas-Diaz, 1981; Dai et al 1999; Kohn et al 2002; Bolton et al 2003; Miranda et al 2003 b ; Grote et al 2009; Hamdan-Mansour et al 2009; Beeber et al 2010; Ell et al 2010; Gater et al 2010; Dwight-Johnson et al 2011; Naeem et al 2011; Patel et al 2011). These took the form of adaptations to reduce practical barriers and improve access, enhance feasibility and acceptability; for example, flexibility in scheduling sessions, delivering the treatment in a convenient setting or over the telephone, and inclusion of family members if requested by the patient.…”

“…Four studies were not included in the meta-analysis: three (Comas-Diaz, 1981; Dai et al 1999; Kohn et al 2002) did not provide sufficient information on outcome measures (i.e. they did not report the mean and standard deviation in the two groups, which is necessary to calculate the SMDs) and one (Crespo, 2006) was a poor quality study that administered active (i.e.…”

Perceived Effectiveness of Elder Abuse Interventions in Psychological Distress and the Design of Culturally Adapted Interventions: A Qualitative Study in the Chinese Community in Chicago

“…Even though elder abuse has great public health relevance to health care professionals, social services providers, and the community gatekeepers and leaders, we have incomplete understanding of evidence-based prevention and intervention strategies to assist victims of elder abuse [9, 10]. A number of studies have started to examine the effectiveness of different intervention programs to reduce psychological distress, including increased social support for both victims and perpetrators [11–13], victim empowerment [14], advocacy interventions [14–16], and cognitive behavior activation [17]. However, research on interventions to reduce psychological distress with respect to elder abuse outcome remains scarce [18].…”