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Abdelmaksoud, M.; Bender, Jonathan W.; Krim, J.

doi:10.1023/a:1020155925183

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Even at low levels, it is enough to cover the active sites and decrease the performance of a catalyst. In traditional tribology systems, tricresyl phosphate (TCP) has been used as an anti-wear (AW) and extreme pressure (EP) additive with steel parts for the past 60 years [11][12][13][14][15][16]. It is now widely accepted that the effectiveness of TCP as an anti-wear additive is due to the chemical reaction of phosphorus with iron to form an iron phosphate film [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deactivation Effect of Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) on Tribochemical Decomposition of Hydrocarbon Oil on a Nascent Steel Surface

et al. 2008

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A nascent surface has high activity to catalyze the decomposition of a lubricant under boundary lubrication conditions. To reduce the decomposition of a lubricant (multialkylated cyclopentane, MAC), tricresyl phosphate (TCP) was introduced as an additive. The tribological properties and decomposition process of lubricants on the nascent surface of bearing steel 52100 were investigated by a ball-on-disk friction tester in a vacuum chamber with a quadrupole mass spectrometer (Q-MS). The addition of TCP prolonged the induction period for decomposition of the lubricant. During the friction processes, hydrogen and gaseous hydrocarbons desorbed as tribochemical reaction products. XPS analysis revealed that the tribofilm from the additive was mainly composed of iron phosphate, which decreased the probability of generating a nascent surface, resulting in the reduction of desorption rate of gaseous products. The critical load for the mechanical activation of the decomposition correspondingly doubled.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deactivation Effect of Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) on Tribochemical Decomposition of Hydrocarbon Oil on a Nascent Steel Surface

et al. 2008

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“…Many studies aimed at elucidating the reaction mechanism of TBP, TCP and related compounds have been performed using different surface analytical techniques [20,21], including temperature-programmed reaction spectroscopy (TPRS) -often in combination with AES, both on clean iron surfaces [22] and on oxidized iron [23], and more recently using a quartz crystal microbalance [24,25]. These studies provided evidence that in the cases of TBP and TCP the film formation takes place following breakage of the C-O bond for the alkyl class and via P-O bond scission in the case of the aryl class.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface reactivity of tributyl thiophosphate: effects of temperature and mechanical stress

et al. 2006

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The surface reactivity of tributyl thiophosphate on iron surfaces has been studied in situ by attenuated total reflection Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and temperature-programmed reaction and desorption spectroscopies. The results show that at temperatures lower than 373 K the molecule forms a physisorbed layer on the iron substrate. At 373 K a reaction takes place with the formation of an organic layer, together with iron polyphosphate and sulfate. At higher temperatures temperature-programmed desorption results suggest that the mechanism involves P-O bond scission to yield butoxy groups. This could be preceded by P=S bond scission to give tributyl phosphite, which then, in turn, undergoes P-O bond scission to produce butoxy groups. The results obtained following tribological testing are in agreement with those of thermal tests: evidence of polyphosphate and sulfate formation is found.

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“…Vapor phase lubrication has been proposed as a scheme for lubrication of high efficiency engines operating at temperature outside the range in which any fluid lubricants can be used. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] These applications include gas-turbines which operate with bearing temperatures in excess of 500 C. The most commonly used vapor phase lubricants for these applications are the aryl phosphates and in particular tricresyl phosphate. 23 In this article, three novel polyamides containing cyclotriphosphazene groups in the main chain were synthesized in order to investigate their properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and properties of three novel poly(phosphazene‐aryl amide)s containing cyclotriphosphazene structures

Zhao

Guo

et al. 2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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1,1,3,5-tetraphenoxy-3,5-bis(4-aminoanilino)cyclotriphosphazene, 1,1,3,5-tetraphenoxy-3,5-bis[4-(4-aminophenysulfone) anilino)]cyclotriphosphazene, and 1,1,3,5-tetraphenoxy-3,5-bis(N,N 0 -ethanediamine)cyclotriphosphazene were synthesized in two steps from the p-Phenylenediamine, 4,4 0 -diaminodiphenylsulfone, and ethylenediamine via nucleophilic substitution and catalytic reduction with hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene. Three novel aromatic polyamides such as poly(cyclotriphosphazene-p-phenylene amide), poly (cyclotriphosphazene-p-sulfuryl amide), and poly(cyclotriphosphazene-ethyl amide) were synthesized from these diamines by direct polycondensation reaction with terephthaloyl chloride and pyridine in N-methyl pyrrolidone, respectively. The chemical structures of the diamine monomers and three novel poly(cyclotriphosphazene-aryl amide)s were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared, ( 1 H and 31 P) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, and Elemental Analysis. The thermal properties of the polyamides were determined by Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The crystallization behaviors of the polyamides were studied by Wide-ray X-ray diffraction, and the morphology of the pyrolysis residues were observed by Scanning Electron Microscope. The three poly(cyclotriphosphazene-aryl amide)s with amorphous structure would exhibit an enhanced solubility in polar aprotic solvents and a superior thermal stability with initial decomposition temperature being at about 198-259 C. TGA curves of the poly(cyclotriphosphazene-aryl amide)s exhibit mainly three thermal decomposition steps, and the poly(cyclotriphosphazene-p-phenylene amide) presents the highest solid residue rate 62.6% heated to 600 C. In the morphology analysis of the poly(cyclotriphosphazene-aryl amide) solid residues, organophosphorus gelatum forms in the surface layer were observed.

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Cited by 24 publications

References 24 publications

Deactivation Effect of Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) on Tribochemical Decomposition of Hydrocarbon Oil on a Nascent Steel Surface

Deactivation Effect of Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) on Tribochemical Decomposition of Hydrocarbon Oil on a Nascent Steel Surface

Surface reactivity of tributyl thiophosphate: effects of temperature and mechanical stress

Preparation and properties of three novel poly(phosphazene‐aryl amide)s containing cyclotriphosphazene structures

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