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Henriques, Carlene E.; Newton, Donna R.; Marshak, Helen Hopp

doi:10.1023/a:1022647430540

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…The United States and other nations should emphasize the elimination of SHSe in all microenvironments such as work settings, private homes, and outdoor settings where nonsmokers could be exposed, such as parks ( Giles-Corti et al, 2001 ;Henriques, Newton, & Marshak, 2003 ). The new agenda represents a shift to prevention.…”

Section: Changing Priorities To Shse Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The behavioral ecology of secondhand smoke exposure: A pathway to complete tobacco control

Hovell¹,

Hughes²

2009

Nicotine &Amp; Tobacco Research

111

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of the behavior of many people on multiple levels, and a broad systems approach to understanding both the individual ' s and the population ' s behavior is critical to achieving health promotion for all. Investigators cannot ignore the behavior of politicians who enact legislative policies that infl uence public health research, the behavior of medical care providers and insurers, and the behavior of industries (e.g., pharmaceuticals, tobacco) that may profi t from behavior that prevents disease or that harms the public. The confl uence of these many agencies defi nes complex behavioral ecological subcultures that determine health-related behavior and morbidity outcomes. We have used a Behavioral Ecological Model (BEM), where social ecological systems are emphasized and integrated with individual factors (e.g., genetic and personal learning histories) to understand and engineer change in the populations ' behavior ( Hovell, Wahlgren, & Adams, 2009 ;Hovell, Wahlgren, & Gehrman, 2002 ). In this context, we discuss the role of secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) in the overarching process of tobacco control.This article describes the BEM, how it applies to SHSe research, and how elevating SHSe as the key target within the overarching tobacco control science may be a means of preventing tobacco addiction in whole populations. Need for a new modelThe tobacco industry creates more smokers and disease than clinicians can prevent by clinical services alone. The focus on clinical care is understandable, as it helps seriously damaged members of society, but it only indirectly contributes to prevention. Alternatively, smoke-free policies and increased taxation hold promise for complete tobacco control, where no one uses tobacco products. Such policies are consistent with the BEM and illustrate a more comprehensive prevention model. Popular theories offer " rational " or cognitive models of decision making that depend on understanding the health AbstractIntroduction: This article outlines a theoretical framework for research concerning secondhand smoke exposure (SHSe) prevention as a means to curtail the tobacco industry. Methods:The Behavioral Ecological Model (BEM) assumes interlocking social contingencies of reinforcement (i.e., rewards or punishments) from the highest level of society (e.g., taxing cigarette sales) to physiological reactions to nicotine that infl uence smoking and SHSe. We review selected research concerning both policy and clinical efforts to restrict smoking and/or SHSe. Results:Research to date has focused on smoking cessation with modest to weak effects. The BEM and empirical evidence suggest that cultural contingencies of reinforcement should be emphasized to protect people from SHSe, especially vulnerable children, pregnant women, the ill, the elderly, and low-income adults who have not " elected " to smoke. Doing so will protect vulnerable populations from industry-produced SHSe and may yield more and longer-lasting cessation. Conclusions:Interventions that reduce SHSe may serve as a Trojan horse to...

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Section: Changing Priorities To Shse Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The behavioral ecology of secondhand smoke exposure: A pathway to complete tobacco control

Hovell¹,

Hughes²

2009

Nicotine &Amp; Tobacco Research

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Leisure and Risky Health Behaviors: A Review of Evidence about Smoking

Kaczynski

Mannell

Manske

2008

Journal of Leisure Research

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Minnesota tobacco-free park policies: Attitudes of the general public and park officials

Klein¹,

Forster²,

McFadden³

et al. 2007

CNTR

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A growing number of cities and counties in Minnesota have adopted policies or ordinances that restrict tobacco in outdoor locations. Current policies banning or limiting tobacco use on park and recreation grounds exist in at least 70 communities around Minnesota. However, little is known about the support for such policies. The goal of this project was to learn more about the level of support for tobacco-free park policies in Minnesota. A mail survey was sent to 2,400 randomly selected adult Minnesota residents, and a phone survey was administered to 257 park and recreation directors. Of the 2,400 surveys mailed, 1,501 (68%) were returned. Among the general public, 70% favored tobacco-free park policies. Reasons cited for supporting such policies include to reduce litter (71%), to reduce youth opportunities to smoke (65%), to avoid second-hand smoke (64%), and to establish positive role models for youth (63%). Park and recreation directors also support such policies (75%). Recreation directors in cities without a policy expressed a high level of concern over enforcement issues (91%), but few problems were reported (26%) in communities with a tobacco-free park policy. Broad support for tobacco-free park policies exists among the public at large and among park and recreation directors who work in tobacco-free parks. Fears of policy difficulties among park and recreation directors who work in parks without a tobacco-free policy are much greater than actual problems experienced in Minnesota tobacco-free park areas.

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Untitled

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

The behavioral ecology of secondhand smoke exposure: A pathway to complete tobacco control

The behavioral ecology of secondhand smoke exposure: A pathway to complete tobacco control

Leisure and Risky Health Behaviors: A Review of Evidence about Smoking

Minnesota tobacco-free park policies: Attitudes of the general public and park officials

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