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Alemayehu, Fekadu; Parlevliet, J.E.

doi:10.1023/a:1002946004268

Cited by 37 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In addition, analysis of variance (ANOVA) supported importance of those traits and others in targeted selective breeding as they showed a significant variation among the tested accessions. Similar results have been reported on the significant variations of several of the quantitative traits in Ethiopian barley landraces [ 28 – 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Phenotypic characterization and seed viability test in ex-situ conserved Ethiopian cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces

Gadissa,

Gudeta

2023

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Nowadays, most of the Ethiopian barley landraces had been lost from farmer’s field and exclusively found ex-situ conserved at the Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute (EBI). Those ex-situ conserved are generally believed to be representative of the original population and possess high genetic diversity and important unique genes that are useful for tackling the various biotic and abiotic stresses in the face of the current climate change. Thus, this research was aimed at testing the performance of 150 ex-situ conserved landraces that had been collected from Arsi and Bale highlands, Southeastern Ethiopia. The landraces were tested at multiple test locations over two years (2021 and 2022). Results All the tested landraces showed a good germination rate regardless of their long storage duration. In addition, performance of all the qualitative traits revealed a varying frequency for each character state. For example, most of the accessions (51.3%) had six kernel row numbers (KRN). All the remaining accessions had two rows (28.7%) and irregular KRN with variable lateral florets (20%). Likewise, some of the quantitative traits considered showed a significant variation among the landraces. However, there observed a significant variation for all the interaction effects in some of the traits considered signifying the importance of considering environment effects while targeting genetic selection and improvement of ex-situ conserved germplasms. The phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) were considerably high to medium in most of the traits considered including seed yield per hectare (SYPH) but with no associated higher genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV). Moreover, all the traits showed a far greater phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) to that of genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) once again suggesting the pronounced effect of environmental factors to the variation. This was far supported by the significantly higher absolute magnitudes in phenotypic correlation compared to their corresponding genotypic correlation in most of the traits. Low estimates of heritability and genetic advance observed in all the traits considered except seed yield per hectare indicate importance of the trait for selection in Ethiopian barley improvement programs. Clustering patterns of the accessions, in narrow sense, revealed the existence of low divergence among the samples. Conclusion Ethiopian barley landraces are promising candidates for further yield improvement and conservation. However, further regular testing and screening should be conducted for the ex-situ conserved landraces because of the current erratic climate change. In addition, more robust molecular marker systems could be used to clearly reveal the extents of genetic diversity and to facilitate the breeding and conservation of Ethiopian barley landraces.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Phenotypic characterization and seed viability test in ex-situ conserved Ethiopian cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces

Gadissa,

Gudeta

2023

BMC Plant Biol

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“…Shegaw et al (2013) also reported a wide range of variation in plant height, days to maturity and grain yield. Similarly,(Alemayehu and Parlevliet, 1997), reported days to maturity, plant height, during this present study the germplasm had broad range of days to maturity (167 to 185 days) and plant height (36cm to 50cm). The results of this study are very much in accordance with those ofGerano et al (2014) assessed 22 morphological variability accessions for sorghum.…”

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confidence: 70%

Evaluation of Genetic Diversity in Barley Landraces through Agro-Morphological and Biochemical Characterization

Khan¹,

Ihsan²,

Nisar³

et al. 2021

SJA

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B arely is an important cereal crop and ranks around fourth in the world cereal production statistics following wheat, maize and rice (USDA-2008). It is estimated that annually over 133.85 million tones barley is produced worldwide. Barley is used as feed, food and for the brewing and distilling industries (Morris and Bryce, 2000). Barley is containing 80% carbohydrates which is an important source of energy. In the roman times, barley was the most popular food of providing a high energy, before going to the circus. The gladiators were fed on barley diet, so they were called "hordeari" from hordeium. Researchers also found that the amount of cholesterol in humans is decreased in blood serum due to the consistency of Abstract | Genetic diversity can be investigated through different methods such as morphological traits, biochemical (SDS PAGE) and molecular markers. The present work was conducted on the basis of morphological and biochemical characterization in order to estimate the genetic diversity among the barley landraces; to explore significant variation which can be used in breeding programs. For this purpose, 40 barley landraces were collected from Dir Lower and Swat, districts of KP, Pakistan. A total of 18 traits were recorded, 10 qualitative characters including spike density, awn barbs, glume awn, lemma type and awn color, length of the rechilla hairs, lemma color, auricle pigmentation, photoperiod sensitivity and stem pigmentation. Variation was observed in these qualitative traits through frequency distribution. In quantitative traits maximum variation was found for plant height ranging from 36cm to 50cm, days to flowering range from 130 to 133 days), while 100 seed weight ranged from 36 to 86 g and plant biomass range from 50 to 199.5 g per plant. SDS-PAGE analyses of total seed storage protein resulted in a total of 18 polymorphic bands. Total genetic diversity on the basis of total seed storage protein analysis was 17.5%. In Band, the 14 total genetic diversity was (0.60%) followed by Band 16 (0.58%) and Band 17 (0.55%). Similarly, Band 3 showed diversity, while Band 8, 4 and 5 indicated 0.45, 0.38 and 0.35%, respectively. A cluster dendrogram tree was constructed which was divided into two linkage and further divided into seven clusters. The variation was found among the clusters. The information obtained from the study is useful in planning further crop improvement.

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“…Numerous studies on Ethiopian barley have detected correlations between altitude and the frequency of morphological [14-16,28], agronomic [24,29] and biochemical [30] traits, including pathogen resistance [20,24,25,29]. Altitudinal gradients provide substantial changes in numerous environmental variables, which also include atmospheric pressure, temperature, clear-sky turbidity, UV-B radiation, and humidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation and diversity along an altitudinal gradient in Ethiopian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces revealed by molecular analysis

et al. 2010

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BackgroundAmong the cereal crops, barley is the species with the greatest adaptability to a wide range of environments. To determine the level and structure of genetic diversity in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces from the central highlands of Ethiopia, we have examined the molecular variation at seven nuclear microsatellite loci.ResultsA total of 106 landrace populations were sampled in the two growing seasons (Meher and Belg; the long and short rainy seasons, respectively), across three districts (Ankober, Mojanawadera and Tarmaber), and within each district along an altitudinal gradient (from 1,798 to 3,324 m a.s.l). Overall, although significant, the divergence (e.g. FST) is very low between seasons and geographical districts, while it is high between different classes of altitude. Selection for adaptation to different altitudes appears to be the main factor that has determined the observed clinal variation, along with population-size effects.ConclusionsOur data show that barley landraces from Ethiopia are constituted by highly variable local populations (farmer's fields) that have large within-population diversity. These landraces are also shown to be locally adapted, with the major driving force that has shaped their population structure being consistent with selection for adaptation along an altitudinal gradient. Overall, our study highlights the potential of such landraces as a source of useful alleles. Furthermore, these landraces also represent an ideal system to study the processes of adaptation and for the identification of genes and genomic regions that have adaptive roles in crop species.

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Cited by 37 publications

References 11 publications

Phenotypic characterization and seed viability test in ex-situ conserved Ethiopian cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces

Phenotypic characterization and seed viability test in ex-situ conserved Ethiopian cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces

Evaluation of Genetic Diversity in Barley Landraces through Agro-Morphological and Biochemical Characterization

Adaptation and diversity along an altitudinal gradient in Ethiopian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces revealed by molecular analysis

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