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Cullen, Joseph J.; Caropreso, David K.; Hemann, Lynda L.; Hinkhouse, Marilyn M.; Conklin, Jeffrey L.; Ephgrave, Kimberly S.

doi:10.1023/a:1018847626936

Cited by 41 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In particular, nitric oxide, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and substance p have been proven to effect gastrointestinal tract motility, in terms of inhibition [2,5]. Through a study carried out on dogs, it has been shown that vasoactive intestinal peptide and nitric oxide cause the deceleration of the gastrointestinal system [6,7]. Additionally, it is a fact that opioids are the potential modulators of the central and peripheral neural system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for postoperative ileus

Ay¹,

Kutun²,

Ulucanlar³

et al. 2011

J Korean Surg Soc

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PurposeThis study aimed to examine extended postoperative ileus and its risk factors in patients who have undergone abdominal surgery, and discuss the techniques of prevention and management thereof the light of related risk factors connected with our study.MethodsThis prospective study involved 103 patients who had undergone abdominal surgery. The effects of age, gender, diagnosis, surgical operation conducted, excessive small intestine manipulation, opioid analgesic usage time, and systemic inflammation on the time required for the restoration of intestinal motility were investigated. The parameters were investigated prospectively.ResultsRegarding the factors that affected the restoration of gastrointestinal motility, resection operation type, longer operation period, longer opioid analgesics use period, longer nasogastric catheter use period, and the presence of systemic inflammation were shown to retard bowel motility for 3 days or more.ConclusionOur study confirmed that unnecessary analgesics use in patients with pain tolerance with non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, excessive small bowel manipulation, prolonged nasogastric catheter use have a direct negative effect on gastrointestinal motility. Considering that an exact treatment for postoperative ileus has not yet been established, and in light of the risk factors mentioned above, we regard that prevention of postoperative ileus is the most effective way of coping with intestinal dysmotility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for postoperative ileus

Ay¹,

Kutun²,

Ulucanlar³

et al. 2011

J Korean Surg Soc

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“…Potassium transport follows the electrochemical gradient. It is usually absorbed passively in the small intestine and secreted in the colon ( Binder and Sandle , 1991; Guilford and Strombeck , 1996; Cullen et al., 1997; Rolfe et al., 2002). The amplitude of this secretion is determined by the electrochemical force exerted on potassium through the luminal membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of size on electrolyte apparent absorption rates and fermentative activity in dogs

Weber

Hernot

Nguyen

et al. 2004

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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The objectives of the study were to assess overall electrolyte absorption capacity as well as fermentative activity in dogs varying in body size in order to verify whether these parameters can explain the poor faecal quality in large dogs. Four breeds of dogs were used: six Miniature Poodles (MP), six Standard Schnauzers (SS), six Giant Schnauzers (GS) and six Great Danes (GD). Net absorption rates of electrolytes were assessed by calculating the apparent digestibility of sodium and potassium and measuring their content in stool. Fermentative activity was calculated by measuring faecal concentrations of lactic acid and short-chain fatty acids. The results showed higher faecal concentrations of fermentation products and electrolytes as well as poorer digestibility of electrolytes in Giant Schnauzers and Great Danes. Strong positive correlations were found between these different parameters and stool quality (scores and moisture). Lower overall electrolyte absorption and higher fermentative activity could thus be factors capable of explaining poorer faecal quality in these two large dog breeds.

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“…В настоящее время накоплено достаточное количество фактов, свидетельствующих о том, что в механизмах нарушения моторики ТК при эндотоксемии принимают участие NO-зависимые процессы: NO -как ключевой фактор в генерации воспалительного ответа и NO -как основной тормозной нейротрансмиттер в кишечнике. Внутривенное введение ЛПС вызывает усиление генерации NO активированными макрофагами в мышечной оболочке кишечника, что приводит к подавлению сократительной активности гладких мышц [16,17].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Endotoxemia in metabolic syndrome and some mechanisms of its development

Ляпина¹,

Vakhrushev²,

Вахрушев³

2020

jour

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The aim. Assessment of the relationship between the occurrence of endotoxemia and impaired resorption function of the small intestine, arrhythmia of the motility of the stomach and intestines, and excessive bacterial growth in the metabolic syndrome (MS).Materials and methods. 62 patients with MS were examined. The average age was 48.62+3.75 years. The motor function of the gastrointestinal tract was studied using peripheral electrogastroenterocolography. To assess the absorption processes in the small intestine, stress tests with glucose and d-xylose were used. Blood endotoxin level, quantitative and& qualitative composition of parietal microbiota of small intestine were determined using an Agilent gas chromatograph with mass-selective and flame-ionization detectors (Agilent Technologies, USA).Results. 82.9% of the examined patients with MS showed clinical signs of intestinal damage. The electrical activity of& the& small intestine departments in the postprandial period was low in 70% of patients. The electrical activity of& the& colon on an empty stomach was not changed, and after a food load was reduced. Discoordination of motility is observed between small intestine and the colon, aggravated after food stimulation. A significant decrease in the rhythm of contractions is observed at the frequencies of the jejunum, ileum, and colon both on an empty stomach and in the postprandial period, which indicates a weakening of propulsive bowel contractions in patients with MS. In patients with MS, an increase in& the& absorption of glucose and d-xylose was revealed in comparison with the group of healthy individuals. In patients with MS, excessive bacterial growth in small intestine is observed mainly due to conditionally pathogenic microbiota strains. According to the results of the study of blood endotoxin level in patients with MS, a significant increase was revealed in comparison with the control group. Correlation analysis showed a moderate negative relationship between the level of endotoxin and electrical activity of small intestine, between the level of endotoxin and the ratio of the ratio of& the& colon to the ileum. A moderate positive relationship was established between the degree of endotoxemia increase and glucose absorption in small intestine.Conclusion. A study of the level of endotoxin and indicators of excessive bacterial growth, motor evacuation and resorption functions of small intestine revealed important pathogenetic patterns regarding the contributing role of the latter in& the development of endotoxemia in patients with MS.

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Cited by 41 publications

References 25 publications

Risk factors for postoperative ileus

Risk factors for postoperative ileus

Effect of size on electrolyte apparent absorption rates and fermentative activity in dogs

Endotoxemia in metabolic syndrome and some mechanisms of its development

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