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Abstract

Responses to drought and salinity in barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Tokak) were monitored by microarray hybridization of 1463 DNA elements derived from cDNA libraries of 6 and 10 h drought-stressed plants. Functional identities indicated that many cDNAs in these libraries were associated with drought stress. About 38% of the transcripts were novel and functionally unknown. Hybridization experiments were analyzed for drought- and salinity-regulated sequences, with significant changes defined as a deviation from the control exceeding 2.5-fold. Responses of transcripts showed stress-dependent expression patterns and time courses. Nearly 15% of all transcripts were either up- or down-regulated under drought stress, while NaCl led to a change in 5% of the transcripts (24 h, 150 mM NaCl). Transcripts that showed significant up-regulation under drought stress are exemplified by jasmonate-responsive, metallothionein-like, late-embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) and ABA-responsive proteins. Most drastic down-regulation in a category was observed for photosynthesis-related functions. Up-regulation under both drought and salt stress was restricted to ESTs for metallothionein-like and LEA proteins, while increases in ubiquitin-related transcripts characterized salt stress. A number of functionally unknown transcripts from cDNA libraries of drought-stressed plants showed up-regulation by drought but down-regulation by salt stress, documenting how precisely transcript profiles report different growth conditions and environments.

Analysis of mRNA Levels of Ten Genes Under Water Stress in Triticum turgidum subsp. durum

“…Based on microarray analysis on wheat (Mohammadi et al, 2007), actin binding protein was the most highly induced transcript detected in stressed roots. In contrast, the expression of this protein in barley under drought stress was up-regulated in roots but not in leaves (Oztur et al, 2002). Therefore our observations showed that tissue specific regulation occurs at protein level.…”

Genome-wide analysis of drought induced gene expression changes in flax (Linum usitatissimum)

“…In addition to stomatal closure, we found genes involved in photosynthetic light reaction were severely dampened during drought stress and our results are in agreement with similar findings in rice 53,62 and barley. 63,64 In root and shoot, five DEGs encoding transcription factors such as NAC012, NAC002, and NAC043 involved in developmental process 65 were upregulated while two of them are continuously upregulated (co-up) ( Table 2). NAC transcription factors are reported to impart drought stress tolerance by triggering a cascade of signaling pathways.…”

Constitutive expression of abiotic stress‐inducible hot pepper CaXTH3, which encodes a xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase homolog, improves drought and salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants

“…The molecular and cellular processes underlying the acclimation of higher plants to abiotic stresses have attracted much interest, as environmental stress conditions result in the seriously loss of crop production in many parts of the world [3,4]. Using molecular and genetic approaches, a large and increasing number of genes induced by abiotic stresses have been identified recently [3,[5][6][7][8][9]. In addition, signal transduction pathways and cellular events that occur under such unfavorable growth conditions have been widely documented [10][11][12].…”