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Wakabayashi, Tetsuya; Hirokawa, Shigenari; Yamauchi, Noriaki; Kataoka, Takao; Woo, Je Tae; Nagai, Kazuo

doi:10.1023/a:1007947329496

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In the study, a Carthamus tinctorius (CT) treated DC vaccine also stimulated splenic T lymphocytes to secrete IFN-g and IL-10, and heightened expressions of CD86, MHC-1, and MHC-II antigen-presenting cells. Studies have further demonstrated the antitumor effects of CT polysaccharides (Wakabayashi et al, 1997;Ando et al, 2002;Shi et al, 2010).…”

Section: Huoxue Tongluo (Formulas and Herbs That Promote Blood Circulmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chinese Herbal Medicine and Its Regulatory Effects on Tumor Related T Cells

Hoffman

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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Traditional Chinese medicine is an accepted and integral part of clinical cancer management alongside Western medicine in China. However, historically TCM physicians were unaware of the chemical constituents of their formulations, and the specific biological targets in the body. Through HPLC, flow cytometry, and other processes, researchers now have a much clearer picture of how herbal medicine works in conjunction with the immune system in cancer therapy. Among them, the regulation of tumor-related T cells plays the most important role in modulating tumor immunity by traditional Chinese medicine. Encouraging results have been well-documented, including an increase in T cell production along with their associated cytokines, enhanced regulation of Tregs and important T cell ratios, the formation and function of Tregs in tumor microenvironments, and the promotion of the number and function of normal T Cells to reduce conventional cancer therapy side effects. Chinese herbal medicine represents a rich field of research from which to draw further inspiration for future studies. While promising agents have already been identified, the vast majority of Chinese herbal mechanisms remain undiscovered. In this review, we summarize the effects and mechanisms of specific Chinese herbs and herbal decoctions on tumor related T cells.

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Section: Huoxue Tongluo (Formulas and Herbs That Promote Blood Circulmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chinese Herbal Medicine and Its Regulatory Effects on Tumor Related T Cells

Hoffman

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Carthamus tinctorius L (safflower), which belongs to the Compositae family, has long been used in Chinese medicine in clinical settings for the treatment of various diseases due to its antioxidant properties. The chemical constituents in safflower have been reported to include lignans, flavonoids, triterpene alcohols and polysaccharides ( 9 – 12 ). Previous research has indicated that the main effective constituent of safflower is safflower yellow (SY), which is a flavonoid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safflower yellow B suppresses HepG2 cell injury induced by oxidative stress through the AKT/Nrf2 pathway

Qiao

et al. 2016

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases. Safflower yellow B (SYB) has been reported to protect the brain against damage induced by oxidative stress; however, whether SYB can also protect hepatocytes from oxidative stress remains unknown. In the present study, to determine whether pre-treatment with SYB reduces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells, we investigated H2O2-induced oxidative damage to HepG2 cells treated with or without SYB. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay and cytotoxicity was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined using respective kits. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in the HepG2 cells was monitored using the fluorescent marker, 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCF-DA). Cell apoptosis was evaluated by determining the activity of caspase-3 and by Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) double staining. Protein expression levels were measured by western blot analysis, and the levels of related cellular kinases were also determined. H2O2 induced pronounced injury to the HepG2 cells, as evidenced by increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and ROS, the decreased activity of SOD and GSH-Px, the increased activitation of caspase-3 and cell apoptosis, and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. SYB significantly inhibited the damaging effects of H2O2, indicating that it protected the cells against H2O2-induced oxidative damage. Moreover, pre-treatment with SYB increased the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1 (NQO1) which are peroxiredoxins. SYB also significantly increased the phosphorylation of AKT. However, this inductive effect was blunted in the presence of the AKT inhibitor, LY294002. The findings of our study suggest that the activation of the AKT/Nrf2 pathway is involved in the cytoprotective effects of SYB against oxidative stress. Our findings provide new insight into the cytoprotective effects of SYB and the possible mechanisms underlying these effects. Thus, SYB may prove to be of therapeutic value for the treatment of various liver diseases.

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“…Thus, developing methods for the preparation of purified SPS and PBPC as well as systematic studies of their structures are necessary. Although the extraction, purification, structure and biological activities of SPS and PBPC have been studied for decades, and some studies have elucidated their main constituent monosaccharide and typical glycosidic linkages (Wakabayashi et al, 1997;Zou, 2011;Yao et al, 2018;Hu, 2020), there is no systematic review analyzing both SPS and PBPC. There is also a lack of research on the structure-bioactivity relationships.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction, Structures, Bioactivities and Structure-Function Analysis of the Polysaccharides From Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

Cai

et al. 2021

Front. Pharmacol.

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Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a herbal plant with a long history of clinical application worldwide, such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, dysmenorrhea and amenorrhea. It is also extensively used as an important oilseed plant for hundreds of years in some countries, like China, India, Mexico and the United States. Therefore, safflower is believed as a crop with dual values of medicine and economy as well. Safflower polysaccharides (SPS), from the plant, are believed as one of the most important biologically active components with multiple pharmacological properties, including anti-tumor, immune regulation, anti-oxidation, and anti-cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury effects. The polysaccharides, from bee pollen of safflower, named PBPC, also attract the attention of researchers because of their particular origin and bioactivities. Although the extraction, purification, structure and biological activities of SPS and PBPC have been studied for decades, there is not any available review both concerning SPS and PBPC. In this condition, this paper aims to systematically review the research progress in extraction, purification, structural characteristics, and bioactivities of SPS and PBPC, and provide basis for the in-depth study about their structure-bioactivity relationship. It will serve as a methodological outline for further research in fields of new drug discovery and clinical application of SPS or PBPC, and simultaneously remind us of unresolved problems noted in the polysaccharide research.

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Cited by 31 publications

References 19 publications

Chinese Herbal Medicine and Its Regulatory Effects on Tumor Related T Cells

Chinese Herbal Medicine and Its Regulatory Effects on Tumor Related T Cells

Safflower yellow B suppresses HepG2 cell injury induced by oxidative stress through the AKT/Nrf2 pathway

Extraction, Structures, Bioactivities and Structure-Function Analysis of the Polysaccharides From Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

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