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Abstract

The actual status of research on photovoltaic energy conversion with regard to its possible role in the production of electric power from solar radiation is reviewed. Silicon cells in single-crystalline or semi-crystalline forms are considered to be the dominant devices for the next decade. A variety of possibilities yielding lower fabrication costs and still high conversion efficiencies exist; an order-of-magnitude reduction from the present-day cost level turns out to be a realistic goal. This can be achieved by a combined effort in the fields of silicon material preparation, cell processing and module fabrication.Other longer term viable options are amorphous silicon, thin-film GaAs, 11-VI compounds such as CdS and some advanced approaches using concentrated sunlight. It is believed that ultimately module efficiency will strongly determine the economic viability of a photovoltaic material.

Platinum(II) Terpyridyl Acetylide Complexes on Platinized TiO2: Toward the Photogeneration of H2 in Aqueous Media

“…The drive to convert solar energy into more usable forms of energy has been a powerful stimulus in transition metal photochemistry and photophysics. Many of these efforts have focused on the conversion of solar energy to electrical power through the use of semiconductor arrays and dye-sensitized semiconductors materials. − Pursued in parallel, but with less frequency, has been the conversion of solar energy directly into chemical fuel by means of photoelectrochemical processes. ,− Within these reports, the light-driven reduction of water to H 2 has been a foremost objective because of hydrogenʼs high specific enthalpy of combustion as a fuel and the low environmental impact of its combustion product, water.…”

Studying the weather condition affecting on solar panel efficiency

“…Figure (7) shows that the maximum value of the efficiency & power when the surface of the solar panel is dry, in the cloudy weather is about (14.5703 %), (60.426watt) and the smallest value is (0.07226%), (0.033 watt) ,We see that the maximum efficiency & power of the solar panel in cloudy weather when the dry surface is greater than the maximum value of the efficiency & power of the same solar panel when the surface wet with rain water, because the rain water is not pure because it contains impurities, causing the deposition on The surface of the panel will thus lead to blocking a large portion of solar radiation. The lowest value of the efficiency & power, we find it to be a dry solar panel and because of the accumulation of large clouds that blocked most of the solar radiation without reaching the solar panel [17]. From we observe that the external power of the clean solar panel is (172.8) watts, which is much higher than the maximum power of the solar panel with dust, which is about (111.94) watts, Figure (8).…”