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Tsukahara, H.; Imai, Eiichi; Honda, Hiroaki; Hatori, Kuniyuki; Matsuno, Kōichirō

doi:10.1023/a:1013962328048

Cited by 38 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Tsukahara et al 2002) Impact-induced hydrothermal systems may have been the only means to have generated sustained hydrothermal systems for prebiotic reactions. A schematic of the processes occurring in a crater is shown in figure 1.…”

Section: A Scheme For the Origin Of Life Within Impact Cratersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The origin and emergence of life under impact bombardment

Cockell

2006

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

100

104

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Craters formed by asteroids and comets offer a number of possibilities as sites for prebiotic chemistry, and they invite a literal application of Darwin's 'warm little pond'. Some of these attributes, such as prolonged circulation of heated water, are found in deep-ocean hydrothermal vent systems, previously proposed as sites for prebiotic chemistry. However, impact craters host important characteristics in a single location, which include the formation of diverse metal sulphides, clays and zeolites as secondary hydrothermal minerals (which can act as templates or catalysts for prebiotic syntheses), fracturing of rock during impact (creating a large surface area for reactions), the delivery of iron in the case of the impact of iron-containing meteorites (which might itself act as a substrate for prebiotic reactions), diverse impact energies resulting in different rates of hydrothermal cooling and thus organic syntheses, and the indiscriminate nature of impacts into every available lithologygenerating large numbers of 'experiments' in the origin of life. Following the evolution of life, craters provide cryptoendolithic and chasmoendolithic habitats, particularly in non-sedimentary lithologies, where limited pore space would otherwise restrict colonization. In impact melt sheets, shattered, mixed rocks ultimately provided diverse geochemical gradients, which in present-day craters support the growth of microbial communities.

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Section: A Scheme For the Origin Of Life Within Impact Cratersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The origin and emergence of life under impact bombardment

Cockell

2006

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

100

104

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“…Several advantages can be cited to use simulated submarine hydrothermal vent conditions as prebiotic environment: the biomolecules and biopolymers were protected from UV rays of the sun, the gradient of temperature provides energy and different sites for different reactions, at high temperature and high pressure the water behavior like an organic solvent and salts of seawater, transition metals and clays of hydrothermal vents catalyze the syntheses of biomolecules and biopolymers. 14,15 Under hydrothermal conditions, the syntheses of biomolecules, [15][16][17] biopolymers 15,[18][19][20][21][22] and microspheres, 15,22 was obtained. The prebiotic environments that could be corresponding of laboratory experiments of reaction of substances in solid state are: cooling lava from volcanoes on the ground and impact of bolides (meteor, comet) on the earth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of guanidine from ammonium thiocyanate in solid state

Zaia

Santana

Toppan

et al. 2004

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Guanidina é uma substância importante para os seres vivos atuais assim como para a química prebiótica. No presente trabalho foi estudada a reação entre as espécies amônio e tiocianato em estado sólido com diferentes substâncias (areia de rio, caulin, metais de transição e sais da água do mar) e temperaturas (80, 120 e 150 ºC). As recuperações de tiocianato ou amônio nas amostras com areia de rio ou caulin a 150 ºC foram estatisticamente diferentes (p<0,05) das recuperações de tiocianato e amônio nas amostras sem aquelas substâncias. A decomposição do tiocianato de amônio nas amostras com areia de rio ou caulin a 150 ºC foi de 40%. Caulin mostrou ser mais efetivo na síntese de guanidina do que areia de rio, visto que a concentração de guanidina sempre foi maior nas amostras com caulin do que nas amostras com areia de rio. A decomposição do tiocianato de amônio nas amostras com metais de transição mais areia de rio a 120 ºC foi de 30%. Sais da água do mar ou metais de transição mais tiocianato de amônio mais areia de rio (120 ºC) aumentaram a concentração de tiouréia (água do mar: 538%, metais de transição: 357%) ou guanidina (água do mar: 393%, metais de transição: 806%) quando os resultados foram comparados com amostras sem estas substâncias. Comparando os resultados obtidos com as amostras de tiocianato de amônio (120 ºC) mais sais da água do mar ou metais de transição com a amostra de tiocianato de amônio observamos que houve um aumento na produção de tiouréia (168%) e guanidina (268%) respectivamente. Os rendimentos obtidos para a síntese de guanidina mostrados neste trabalho são melhores do que os mostrados por outros autores. Experimentos mostraram que Fe (III) está envolvido na formação do composto amarelo obtido da reação entre amônio e tiocianato e espectros Raman mostraram que este composto pode ser o enxofre.Guanidine is an important substance for modern living beings as well as for the prebiotic chemistry. We studied the reaction between ammonium and thiocyanate species in solid state with different substances (river sand, kaolin, transition metals, salts of seawater) and temperatures (80, 120 and 150 ºC). The recoveries of thiocyanate and ammonium in the samples with river sand or kaolin at 150 ºC were statistically different (p<0.05) from the recoveries of thiocyanate and ammonium in the sample without them. The decomposition of ammonium thiocyanate in the samples river sand or kaolin at 150 ºC was about 40%. Kaolin showed to have more effect on the synthesis guanidine than river sand, because, the concentrations of guanidine in the samples with kaolin were always bigger than in the samples with river sand. The decomposition of ammonium thiocyanate in the samples with transition metals plus river sand at 120 ºC was about 30%. The salts of seawater or transition metals plus ammonium thiocyanate plus river sand (120 ºC) showed to increase the concentration of thiourea (seawater: 538%; transition metals: 357%) or guanidine (seawater: 393%, transition metals: 806%) when they were compared to the samples...

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“…When 100 mM glycine was included, glycine dimers and trimers were detected, suggesting that peptide bonds were thermodynamically favored at high temperature, then preserved by quenching. Significantly, it was observed that including oleic acid, a self-assembling amphiphile, markedly enhanced the yield by 15-fold [12].…”

Section: Interactions With Amino Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-chemical interactions between compartment-forming lipids and other prebiotically relevant biomolecules

Olasagasti

Maurel

Deamer

2014

BIO Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Lipids are essential constituents of contemporary living cells, serving as structural molecules that are necessary to form membranous compartments. Amphiphilic lipid-like molecules may also have contributed to prebiotic chemical evolution by promoting the synthesis, aggregation and cooperative encapsulation of other biomolecules. The resulting compartments would allow systems of molecules to be maintained that represent microscopic experiments in a natural version of combinatorial chemistry. Here we address these possibilities and describe recent results related to interactions between amphiphiles and other biomolecules during early evolution toward the first living cells.

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Cited by 38 publications

References 14 publications

The origin and emergence of life under impact bombardment

The origin and emergence of life under impact bombardment

Synthesis of guanidine from ammonium thiocyanate in solid state

Physico-chemical interactions between compartment-forming lipids and other prebiotically relevant biomolecules

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