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The sections in this article are Introduction Significance of the Problem Applications of Catalytic Oxidation for VOC Control Catalytic Oxidation Scope of this Chapter Reactors and Process Configurations for Catalytic Oxidation Systems Reactors Process Configurations General Considerations Specific Problems in Chlorinated VOC ( CVOC ) Oxidation Catalyst Deactivation in CVOC Oxidation Byproducts Higher Temperatures Mixture Effects Deactivation Noble Metal Catalysts Pt catalysts Effect of Synthesis Conditions Support Effects Pt ‐Based Catalysts: Catalyst Deactivation Pd Catalysts Effect of Reduction Effect of Promoters Pd Catalysts: CVOC Oxidation Metal Oxide Catalysts Vanadium‐Based Catalysts V ‐Based Catalysts: CVOC Oxidation Ceria‐Based Catalysts Manganese‐Based Catalysts Mn ‐Based Catalysts: CVOC Oxidation Effect of Water Vapor Byproducts Effect of Support Acidity Chlorine Retention Zeolite‐Supported Mn versus Mn Perovskites Chromia‐Based Catalysts Cr ‐Based Catalysts: CVOC Oxidation Effect of Support Deactivation Copper‐Based Catalysts Cu ‐Based Catalysts: CVOC Oxidation Cobalt‐Based Catalysts Co ‐Based Catalysts: CVOC Oxidation Nickel‐Based Catalysts Tungsten‐Based Catalysts Uranium‐Based Catalysts U ‐Based Catalysts: CVOC Oxidation Kinetics L angmuir– H inshelwood ( L – H ) Models M ars–van K revelen ( M – v K ) Model Summary
The sections in this article are Introduction Significance of the Problem Applications of Catalytic Oxidation for VOC Control Catalytic Oxidation Scope of this Chapter Reactors and Process Configurations for Catalytic Oxidation Systems Reactors Process Configurations General Considerations Specific Problems in Chlorinated VOC ( CVOC ) Oxidation Catalyst Deactivation in CVOC Oxidation Byproducts Higher Temperatures Mixture Effects Deactivation Noble Metal Catalysts Pt catalysts Effect of Synthesis Conditions Support Effects Pt ‐Based Catalysts: Catalyst Deactivation Pd Catalysts Effect of Reduction Effect of Promoters Pd Catalysts: CVOC Oxidation Metal Oxide Catalysts Vanadium‐Based Catalysts V ‐Based Catalysts: CVOC Oxidation Ceria‐Based Catalysts Manganese‐Based Catalysts Mn ‐Based Catalysts: CVOC Oxidation Effect of Water Vapor Byproducts Effect of Support Acidity Chlorine Retention Zeolite‐Supported Mn versus Mn Perovskites Chromia‐Based Catalysts Cr ‐Based Catalysts: CVOC Oxidation Effect of Support Deactivation Copper‐Based Catalysts Cu ‐Based Catalysts: CVOC Oxidation Cobalt‐Based Catalysts Co ‐Based Catalysts: CVOC Oxidation Nickel‐Based Catalysts Tungsten‐Based Catalysts Uranium‐Based Catalysts U ‐Based Catalysts: CVOC Oxidation Kinetics L angmuir– H inshelwood ( L – H ) Models M ars–van K revelen ( M – v K ) Model Summary
Two kinds of aqueous acrylic polyols (single step and multi step synthesis type) have been investigated for their performance in the two-component aqueous polyurethane application, by using more selective catalysts. The aliphatic polyfunctional isocyanates based on hexamethylen diisocyanates have been employed as suitable hardeners. The complex of zirconium, commercially known as K-KAT ® XC-6212, and manganese (III) complexes with mixed ligands based on the derivative of maleic acid have been used as catalysts in this study. Both of the aqueous polyols give good results, in terms of application and hardness, when elevated temperatures and more selective catalysts are applied. A more selective catalyst promotes the reaction between the isocyanate and polyol component. This increases the percentage of urethane bonds and the degree of hardness in the films formed from the two components of aqueous polyurethane lacquers. The polyol based on the single step synthesis route is favourable concerning potlife and hardness. The obtained results show that the performance of the two-component aqueous polyurethane coatings depends on the polymer structure of the polyols as well as on the selectivity of the employed catalyst.
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