The emergence of the polis as the prominent form of socio-political life is one of the most important developments of archaic and classical Greece. Its result was a type of society consisting of a group of free inhabitants, who lived in an identifiable territory with some kind of city centre, and who claimed to exercise a form of self-government which might but did not necessarily include a foreign policy of its own.' The existence of the polis as a socio-political system depended on a sense of territorial and social coherence, both as a subjective experience and as a practice in common activities. This sense of coherence was the outcome of a number of separate but mutually influential processes. Among the most significant and most intensely debated factors involved in the materialisation of the archaic polis are population growth, development of common cults, military cooperation especially in the hoplite falanx, the creation of written laws, changes in political discourse, and changing political consciousness in relation to (re)organization of space.2The process of polis formation implied that groups of people accepted and recognised each other as co-inhabitants of the same area and came to identify themselves as a community that shared laws, cults and other vital interests. Among the numerous social activities involved in this process, political decision-making in the strict sense was only It is not the aim of this essay to (re)produce a definition of the polis, least of all of the pas as a specific type of political structure; for a useful description Welwei (2000) 87. For a list of ancient descriptions Hansen (1998); on the meaning of autonomia for definitions of the polis, Hansen (1995) with extensive bibliography. The overriding emphasis of the Copenhagen Polis-project on the ,political` nature of the polit embodied in institutions, in spite of some modifications as to its social and religious qualities (see for instance Hansen 119981 34), makes the results of this project only rarely helpful for my present investigations. For valuable comments on the tension between an approach focusing on institutions versus one based on analysis of cultural systems, Ober (19966).