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Abstract

The effects of casting conditions of cellulose acetate membrane (Batch-47 type) on its reverse osmosis properties have been investigated by x-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, water vapor sorption and reverse osmosis performance.It was found that the membrane consisted of a thin dense layer and a porous substructure. The variation of diffusion coefficient of water calculated from the sorption data corresponded to the change of water flux by a reverse osmosis.This indicates that as soon as a casting solvent is lost from the membrane surface, the dense layer is formed. The flux.Some changes in the compaction effect and membrane shrinkage were noted in the same temperature range as described above. X-ray diffraction and deuteration methods revealed no tion on the surface accompanied by the shrinkage and also to the increase of degree crystallinity in the dense layer.

Reverse osmosis rejection by hydrous inorganic precipitate–cellulose composite membrane

“…4,5 The cell volume is 1 L and effective membrane surface area is 10 cm2. The operating pressure used was 50 atm in all cases.…”