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Abstract

In this study, the effects of oral administration of an alcoholic and aqueous extract of propolis on growth performance indices, hematological parameters and immune responses of Cyprinus carpio were investigated. Six hundred and thirty juvenile Cyprinus carpio (weighing 58.5 ±4.2 g, Mean±SD) were randomly divided into seven equal groups in triplicates. Three groups (G1 to G3) were fed diets containing 0.1%, 0.25% and 0.5% of Propolis-ethanolic Extract (PEE) respectively, whereas groups 4 to 6 were fed a diet containing the same level of Propolis Aqueous Extract (PAE), group seven was received free extract normal food. Growth indices and hemato-immunological parameters in treated fish were evaluated and compared among the groups. The results showed a significant increase in serum lysozyme activity, total serum protein and globulin in fish fed diets containing 0.5% PEE compared to the control group (p<0.05). But no significant differences were observed in growth-performance indices and other immunological and hematological parameters compared to the control group (P>0.05).Meanwhile, cumulative mortality after the bacterial challenge of fish fed on a diet containing 0.5% PPE significantly decreased compared to control group (p<0.05). According to the results, supplementation of food with 0.5% PEE stimulated some innate immune responses and resistance against A.hydrophila infection. Then 0.5% PEE in diet can be a good candidate for immunostimulant against bacterial infection in common carp.

Effects of propolis on the immune enhancement of the formalin‐inactivated Aeromonas salmonicida vaccine

“…In addition, many researchers have studied. Alishahi et al showed that supplementation of food with 0.5% propolis-ethanolic extract could stimulate some innate immune responses and resistance against A. hydrophila infection (Alishahi, Dezfuly, & Mesbah, 2018). The similar results were also found in rainbow trout (Deng et al, 2011), Chinese sucker (Myxocyprinus asiaticus) (Zhang, Gong, Yu, & Yuan, 2009), gilthead seabream (Soltani et al, 2017) and Nile tilapia (Tilapia nilotica) (Santos et al, 2019), indicating propolis extracts have the ability to enhance the non-specific immune response and disease resistance of aquatic animals.…”

Nannochloropsis oculata supplementation improves growth, immune response, intestinal integrity, and disease resistance of Nile Tilapia

“…Similarly, a Spirulina ‐supplemented diet in tilapia increased relative percent survival (80%) against A. hydrophila (Watanuki et al 2006). Supplementing the diet with propolis‐ethanolic extract reduced Common Carp Cyprinus carpio mortality from A. hydrophila challenge (Alishahi et al 2018). Additionally, Nile Tilapia fed a Spirulina ‐supplemented diet were protected against A. hydrophila challenge, with a relative percentage survival up to 80% (Ragap et al 2012) and lowered mortality rates against Pseudomonas fluorescens (Ibrahem et al 2013).…”