“…In recent decades, the annual average maximum temperature, minimum temperature, mean temperature, and annual precipitation in the ARB have exhibited generally increasing trends [18][19][20][21]. Moreover, significant regional, seasonal, and interannual variations in temperature and precipitation have been investigated in portions of the ARB [1,7,[22][23][24][25]. Furthermore, driven by the different policies, regional characteristics, and economic development statuses in China, Russia, and Mongolia, the land was reclaimed, resulting in significant fragmentation of the remaining wetlands [27,29,49].…”