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Next‐generation metrics for monitoring genetic erosion within populations of conservation concern

“…Inbreeding depression (ID) is defined as the reduction in fitness due to inbreeding, and it has been shown to affect any trait under selection (Falconer, Mackay, & Frankham, 1996;Leroy, 2014 (Schneider, 2015). Molecular estimates of the current population size of Västerbotten using SNPbased pedigree reconstruction (404 individuals) were found within the range of official estimates based on mark-recapture (310-459 bears; Spitzer et al, 2016). Molecular markers have been also used as a basis for assessment of bear genetic structure.…”

“…Population sizes estimates of bear population of two Swedish county based on capture-mark-recapture (CMR), Creel-Rosenblatt estimator (CRE) and rarefaction analysis (R) approaches (Spitzer et al, 2016).…”

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I variability inRuditapes decussatus(Veneridae) from the western Mediterranean

“…However, the recovery of exhausted natural beds of R. decussatus in different European localities, often achieved by the release of seeds collected in distant geographic areas (see e.g. Passamonti et al 1997;Turolla 2008;Pereira et al 2011;Arias-Pérez et al 2016), may have also contributed to the genetic homogenisation of R. decussatus across its distribution range.…”

“…Since acquiring population genetic data is of primary importance for informing species management strategies, several studies on the population genetics of R. decussatus have been published in recent decades (Borsa et al 1994;Jordaens et al 2000;Cordero et al 2008Cordero et al , 2014Gharbi et al 2010Gharbi et al , 2011Pereira et al 2011;Borrell et al 2014;Habtemariam et al 2015;Arias-Pérez et al 2016). However, only three studies sampled a significant number of populations (Borsa et al 1994;Cordero et al 2014;Arias-Pérez et al 2016), and these gave somewhat different results. Based on allozymes, the genetic variability of populations from the Mediterranean Sea and Southern Portugal was comparable to that of other bivalve species (Borsa et al 1994).…”

“…Contrasting levels of genetic differentiation between mitochondrial and nuclear markers that were found across the Atlantic-Mediterranean transition were explained by the authors as due to the possible existence of endogenous genetic rather than physical barriers to larval migration. Arias-Pérez et al (2016) analysed Atlantic and Mediterranean populations along the Spanish coast using both iRFLP (the same as Cordero et al 2014) and microsatellite markers, and confirmed the presence of a genetic break at the transition between Atlantic and western Mediterranean populations previously detected with introns (but not with mtDNA) by Cordero et al (2014). In the present study, we investigated the level of mtDNA genetic variability in R. decussatus populations from undersampled regions of the western Mediterranean, where the species is an important marine fishery resource (see e.g.…”