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Uchimiya, Hirofumi; Fujii, Seiichi; Huang, Jirong; Fushimi, Takaomi; Nishioka, Masanori; Kim, Kyung-Min; Yamada, Maki K.; Kurusu, Takamitsu; Kuchitsu, Kazuyuki; Tagawa, Michito

doi:10.1023/a:1019275218830

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…To determine the biological function of the Hm1 homologue in rice (the YK1 gene), we established transgenic rice plants with ectopic expression of YK1. The YK1-overexpressing rice plants showed enhanced resistance to rice blast disease and to abiotic stresses like UV radiation, increased salinity, and submergence (7). Here, we demonstrate that YK1 possesses dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR) activity; to our knowledge, this is the first confirmation of such biochemical evidences for HCTR-like protein.…”

mentioning

confidence: 51%

“…Previous study has shown that the HCTR functions in increased tolerance to infection with the rice blast fungus (7). In this study, we investigated roles of the enzyme in relation to bacterial diseases, and results showed different disease responses of the transgenic rice lines between bacterial blight and brown stripe.…”

Section: Ros-inducedmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Transgenic rice plants (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare) possessing either vector alone (the control line) or the YK1 gene (L-1 and L-2) were grown in a growth-cabinet (7). L-1 and L-2 are independent lines overexpressing the YK1 gene under the maize ubiquitin promoter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced dihydroflavonol-4-reductase activity and NAD homeostasis leading to cell death tolerance in transgenic rice

Hayashi

Takahashi

Tamura

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The maize Hm1 gene encoding the NADPH-dependent HC-toxin reductase is capable of detoxifying HC-toxin of fungus Cochliobolus carbonum. Here, we conducted the metabolic and biochemical analysis in transgenic rice plants overexpressing an HC-toxin reductase-like gene in rice (YK1 gene). Methods employing NADPH oxidation and capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry analysis confirmed that YK1 possessed dihydroflavonol-4-reductase activity in vitro and in vivo. The overexpression of YK1 in both suspension-cultured cells and rice plants increased NAD(H) and NADP(H) levels by causing an increase in NAD synthetase and NAD kinase activities. Activity changes in enzymes that require NAD(P) as coenzymes were also noted in rice cells ectopically expressing YK1, where the cell death caused by hydrogen peroxide and bacterial disease was down-regulated. Thus, a strategy was proposed that the combination of dihydroflavonol-4-reductase activity and the elevated level of NAD(P)H pool may confer the prevention of induced cell death in planta. NADPH-dependent HC-toxin reductaseI n maize plants, the NADPH-dependent HC-toxin reductase (HCTR) detoxifies the HC-toxin produced by the fungus Cochliobolus carbonum (1). HCTR is encoded by the maize Hm1 gene (2). A similar gene is conserved in monocots such as rice (3) and barley (4). The molecular mechanism of the maize defense system against C. carbonum invasion remains largely unknown (5). The fungus C. carbonum is specialized for growth on maize, and HC-toxin is only biosynthesized in race 1. Therefore, it is uncertain that the role of Hm1 homologues in other monocots is detoxification (6). To determine the biological function of the Hm1 homologue in rice (the YK1 gene), we established transgenic rice plants with ectopic expression of YK1. The YK1-overexpressing rice plants showed enhanced resistance to rice blast disease and to abiotic stresses like UV radiation, increased salinity, and submergence (7). Here, we demonstrate that YK1 possesses dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR) activity; to our knowledge, this is the first confirmation of such biochemical evidences for HCTR-like protein. Furthermore, the overexpression of YK1 in rice altered the activities of enzymes engaged in NAD biosynthesis, and of enzymes requiring NAD(P) as coenzymes. Moreover, overexpression of YK1 in rice conferred the prevention of cell death caused by the hydrogen peroxide as well as the bacterial disease. Materials and MethodsPlant Materials. Transgenic rice plants (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare) possessing either vector alone (the control line) or the YK1 gene (L-1 and L-2) were grown in a growth-cabinet (7). L-1 and L-2 are independent lines overexpressing the YK1 gene under the maize ubiquitin promoter. Suspension-cultured cells of rice were transferred weekly into liquid MS medium supplemented with sucrose [3% (wt/wt)], KH 2 PO 4 (340 mg/liter), thiamine (1 mg/liter), and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (0.2 mg/liter). Seedlings were maintained in the same medium devoid of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.

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mentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Ros-inducedmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Enhanced dihydroflavonol-4-reductase activity and NAD homeostasis leading to cell death tolerance in transgenic rice

Hayashi

Takahashi

Tamura

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The mRNA level was found to be higher under completely submerged conditions in vascular bundles of young stems and leaf sheaths. Overexpression of the YK1 gene in rice also resulted in the same results (Uchimiya et al, 2002). A transcription factor (Spl7) was identified and cloned in rice plants.…”

Section: Abiotic Stress-tolerant Ricementioning

confidence: 67%

Genetic improvement of rice for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance

Ansari¹,

Shaheen²,

Bukhari³

et al. 2015

Turk J Bot

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IntroductionRice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the oldest cultivated crops. It has been cultivated in India and China for several thousands of years (Poehlman and Sleper, 1995). The major cultivated species of rice, Oryza sativa (2n = 2x = 24), originated in southern and southwestern tropical Asia. The other species of cultivated rice, Oryza glaberrima (2n = 2x = 24), is indigenous to the upper valley of the Niger River and it is cultivated only in western tropical Africa. Twenty-three species and 10 recognized genome types (AA, BB, CC, BBCC, CCDD, EE, FF, GG, HHJJ, and HHKK; Gramene: http://www.gramene.org/species/ oryza/rice_taxonomy.html) of Oryza are recognized. Close relatives of O. sativa are the wild perennial species O. rufipogon and the wild annual species O. nivara. Both are diploid weedy species with the AA genome.Rice is an important food crop and it needs continuous improvement due to the continuous increase in population. The major objectives to improve rice crops using biotechnological techniques include: 1) high yield potential, 2) early maturity, 3) resistance to lodging and shattering, 4) resistance to stress environments, 5) disease resistance, 6) insect resistance, 7) grain quality, and 8) enhancement of nutritional components. Economic importance of riceRice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important crop of world. About 90% of the world's rice is grown in China, India, Pakistan, Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia, and other adjacent areas (USDA, 2014). Outside of Asia, Brazil and the United States produce the largest amounts of rice (Poehlman and Sleper, 1995). Rice is the staple food for over one-half of the world's people (FAO, 2008). In Pakistan, rice is a highly valued food crop and it is also a major export item. It accounts for 3.2% of the total value added in agriculture and 0.7% of the GDP. Area sown for rice is estimated at 2.891 × 10 6 ha and the production was 7.005 × 10 6 t in -2015 (Ministry of Finance, 2015. Rice is cultivated in diversified climatic conditions of Pakistan. Basmati rice (Indica) is grown in the traditional rice-growing belt of Punjab Province. In Swat, in high altitude alpine valleys, temperate Japonica rice is grown. In the south of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh and Baluchistan provinces, IRRItype long-grain heat-tolerant tropical rice is mainly grown. Transformation of rice cropsThe world will need about 25% more rice by the year 2030 to meet the estimated demand of an increasing global population (Wani and Sah, 2014). One way to meet this challenge is to grow rice on more area, which is difficult due to increasing urbanization and escalating population in Abstract: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is among the most important food crops that provide a staple food for nearly half of the world's population. Rice crops are prone to various types of stresses, both biotic and abiotic. Biotic stresses include insect pests, fungus, bacteria, viruses, and herbicide toxicity. Among abiotic stresses, drought, cold, and salinity are also well studied in rice. Various genes have been identified,...

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“…Previous studies have shown that the high expression of HCTR is related to the resistance of many plants to both biotic and abiotic stresses. Uhimiya et al 44 demonstrated that the transgenic rice overexpressing YK1 gene, encoding the protein HCTR-like activity, was resistant to rice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe grisea. This transgenic plant also exhibited high tolerance to several abiotic stresses such as NaCl, UV-C, submergence and H 2 O 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wongpia¹,

Lomthaisong

2010

ScienceAsia

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Wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. capsici is a major problem of chilli pepper production worldwide that calls for a better understanding of defensive mechanisms in the chilli plant. We used a proteomic technique to investigate protein responses of chilli pepper to F. oxysporum f. sp. capsici. Two cultivars of resistant (Mae Ping 80) and susceptible (Long Chilli 455) plants were cultured in vitro. Chilli plants at 6-week growth were then infected with a suspension of F. oxysporum f. sp. capsici or distilled water used as a control. After 48 h of infection, proteins were extracted and analysed using 2DE to identify the responsive proteins. At least 9 spots were differentially expressed in the resistant cultivar (5 increasing, 4 decreasing) and 1 supplementary; while 15 increasing, 11 decreasing, and 11 supplementary protein spots were found in the susceptible cultivar. These proteins were then identified by MALDI-TOF MS combined with bioinformatics methods. Some of the induced proteins e.g., NADPH HC toxin reductase, serine/threonine protein kinase, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 3 are involved in plant defence mechanism. In order to determine the Fusarium wilt protective proteins in chilli plant, the protein patterns of healthy resistance were compared with those of susceptible cultivars. Interestingly, resistance showed higher expression of proteins related to ROS detoxification. Moreover, the ability of chilli plant to resist Fusarium wilt disease was related to the expression of non-inducible immunity 1 protein.

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Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Enhanced dihydroflavonol-4-reductase activity and NAD homeostasis leading to cell death tolerance in transgenic rice

Enhanced dihydroflavonol-4-reductase activity and NAD homeostasis leading to cell death tolerance in transgenic rice

Genetic improvement of rice for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance

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