1996
DOI: 10.1016/0378-5122(96)81782-8
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96114755 Hormone replacement therapy and skin ageing

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Cited by 5 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…Aging is an inalterable process in which both extrinsic and intrinsic determinants induce a loss of structural integrity and physiological function . Extrinsic skin aging is caused by exogenous factors such as sun exposure, environmental toxins and infectious agents , whereas intrinsic skin aging is determined by genetic influences, age and internal factors such as hormones and metabolic substances . Histologically, the intrinsic aged skin shows a thinning of all layers, epidermal and dermal atrophy, increased heterogeneity in size of basal cells, flattening of the dermoepidermal junction, decreased vasculature, as well as reduced numbers of melanocytes, Langerhans cells and fibroblasts .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 74%
“…Aging is an inalterable process in which both extrinsic and intrinsic determinants induce a loss of structural integrity and physiological function . Extrinsic skin aging is caused by exogenous factors such as sun exposure, environmental toxins and infectious agents , whereas intrinsic skin aging is determined by genetic influences, age and internal factors such as hormones and metabolic substances . Histologically, the intrinsic aged skin shows a thinning of all layers, epidermal and dermal atrophy, increased heterogeneity in size of basal cells, flattening of the dermoepidermal junction, decreased vasculature, as well as reduced numbers of melanocytes, Langerhans cells and fibroblasts .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 74%
“…Aging is a consequence of genetic program and cumulative environmental damage, which contributes to a progressive loss of structural integrity and physiological tasks of the skin [2,3]. The intrinsic aging (physiological-, chronological-, UV-protected aging) of the skin is determined by genetic influences and internal factors such as hormones or metabolic substances [4]. Intrinsic aging is mainly controlled by progressive telomere shortening [5].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Skin aging is due to intrinsic (chronological) aging, photoaging (exposure to ultraviolet radiation), and hormonal aging (estrogen deficiency) (1). Skin aging manifests as atrophy of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and wrinkling, and delayed wound healing (2)(3)(4).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%