75 Years of Hydroformulation – Oxo Reactors and Oxo Plants of Ruhrchemie AG and Oxea GmbH from 1938 to 2013

Abstract

Years of Hydroformulation -Oxo Reactors and Oxo Plants of Ruhrchemie AG and Oxea GmbH from 1938 to 2013The hydroformulation reaction, also known as oxo synthesis or Roelen reaction, is the atom-efficient and metal-catalyzed addition of the constituents of synthesis gas, H 2 and CO, to the double bonds of alkenes. This reaction has been discovered in 1938 by Otto Roelen in the laboratories of the chemical company Ruhrchemie AG. After filing the patent application efforts to scale up the process to technical scale have been started. However, they have only partly been successful for the plants of the Ruhrchemie AG Oberhausen and its cooperation partner I.G. Farbenindustrie AG due to the difficult circumstances. After World War II the Ruhrchemie process based on cobalt catalysts and the Ruhrchemie/Rhône-Poulenc process as the first important aqueous two-phase processes with rhodium catalysts became the most important homogenously catalyzed chemical processes.

Tertiary Amines as Ligands in a Four‐Step Tandem Reaction of Hydroformylation and Hydrogenation: An Alternative Route to Industrial Diol Monomers

“…[1][2][3][4] The reaction involves the addition of syngast oo lefins to form aldehydes, whicha re utilised as intermediates or end products in bulk chemicals as well as in drugs and pharmaceuticals. [5,6] Furthermore, the single stage production of alcohols by mergingh ydroformylation with subsequentr eduction of the intermediate aldehydes is of great interest-although it remains ac hallenge. [7] As ar esult of the unique catalytic constraints of the these two reactions,a lcohols are currently produced from olefins on an industrial scale through at wo-step hydroformylation and hydrogenationm ethod.…”

From Current Science to School – the Facets of Green Chemistry on the Example of Ionic Liquids

“…The hydrophilic catalyst is immiscible in the organic phase and thus remains in the aqueous phase that is returned to the reactor. The RCH/RP process has an annual production capacity of several hundred thousand tons with losses of rhodium catalyst in the partper-billion range [35,36]. The low loss of the expensive catalyst is exceptionally remarkable since such efficient recovery is usually only possible with heterogeneous catalysts.…”

Neue Trends in der homogenen Übergangsmetallkatalyse

“…Ein ähnliches Vorgehen liefert die Tandemreaktion mit Acrolein und ungesättigten Aldehyden zu Dialdehyden [227]. Aus Fetten können auf diese Weise -lineare C 9 -bis C 26 -Alkene -lineare ungesättigte C 8 -bis C 28 -Methylester und -lineare ungesättigte C 11 -bis C 26 [236], Palladium-katalysiert eine Hydroesterifizierung [237 -239] und Rhodium-katalysiert eine Hydroformylierung zu den a,w-funktionalisierten Produkten durchgeführt werden. B. ungesättigten Fetten, eine kurzkettige Produktmischung zu erzeugen.…”

“…B. ungesättigten Fetten, eine kurzkettige Produktmischung zu erzeugen. Aus Fetten können auf diese Weise -lineare C 9 -bis C 26 -Alkene -lineare ungesättigte C 8 -bis C 28 -Methylester und -lineare ungesättigte C 11 -bis C 26…”