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Smit, Rjm Robert; Brekelmans, Wam Marcel; Meijer, Heh Han

doi:10.1023/a:1004763606229

Cited by 44 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Other studies have concluded that material aging has a large effect on yield strength and other material behaviors [13][14][15]. Because materials were supplied by different facilities using different vendors, the study was unable to assess or minimize the effects of aged material.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymeric materials experience two types of postyielding characteristics: strain softening and strain hardening [13]. Strain softening, an intrinsic behavior, tends to lead to unstable localized strains after yielding.…”

Section: Thermoplastic Polymer Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strain softening, an intrinsic behavior, tends to lead to unstable localized strains after yielding. The localized strains destabilize the macroscopic properties of the material, resulting in early propagation of cracks, thus increasing the brittleness of the material [13]. In glassy polymer materials, strain softening is followed by the stabilization of the material, referred to as strain hardening.…”

Section: Thermoplastic Polymer Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During strain hardening, the orientation of the polymer molecules forces the stress to distribute over a greater surface area. The material's toughness is increased as the deformation energy then dissipates over the larger area [13][14]. Depending on which factor dominates postyield in a given loading scenario, the material exhibits a resulting brittle or ductile response.…”

Section: Thermoplastic Polymer Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Smit et al introduced the concepts of either reducing the strain softening or increasing the strain hardening to improve toughness [13]. However, Smit et al also mentioned that techniques for reducing strain softening also tended to reduce yield strength, which is undesirable [13].…”

Section: Thermoplastic Polymer Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Tensile strength and impact resistance properties of materials used in prosthetic check sockets, copolymer sockets, and definitive laminated sockets

Gerschutz

Haynes²,

Nixon³

et al. 2011

JRRD

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Abstract-Prosthetic sockets serve as the interface between people with amputations and their prostheses. Although most materials used to make prosthetic sockets have been used for many years, knowledge of these materials' properties is limited, especially after they are subjected to fabrication processes. This study evaluated tensile and impact properties of the current state-of-the-art materials used to fabricate prosthetic check sockets, copolymer sockets, and definitive laminated sockets. Thermolyn Rigid and Orfitrans Stiff check socket materials produced significantly lower tensile strength and impact resistance than polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG). Copolymer socket materials exhibited greater resistance to impact forces than the check socket materials but lower tensile strengths than PETG. The heated molding processes, for the check socket and copolymer materials, reduced both tensile strength and elongation at break. Definitive laminated sockets were sorted according to fabrication techniques. Nyglass material had significantly higher elongation, indicating a more ductile material than carbon-based laminations. Carbon sockets with pigmented resin had higher tensile strength and modulus at break than nonpigmented carbon sockets. Elongation at yield and elongation at break were similar for both types of carbonbased laminations. The material properties determined in this study provide a foundation for understanding and improving the quality of prosthetic sockets using current fabrication materials and a basis for evaluating future technologies.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermoplastic Polymer Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermoplastic Polymer Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermoplastic Polymer Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermoplastic Polymer Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Tensile strength and impact resistance properties of materials used in prosthetic check sockets, copolymer sockets, and definitive laminated sockets

Gerschutz

Haynes²,

Nixon³

et al. 2011

JRRD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Predicting Mechanical Performance of Polymers

Meijer¹,

Govaert²,

Engels³

2007

Macromolecular Engineering

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Dendrimer‐Based Hydroxyapatite Composites with Remarkable Materials Properties

Donners

Nolte

Sommerdijk³

2003

Advanced Materials

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Bone is the principal structural material found in mammals, providing strength and shape to their bodies. It is a hierarchical material that (in its dried state ) consists of calcium phosphate (80 wt.-%), collagen (17 wt.-%), and other proteins (3 wt.-%). [1] In bone, calcium phosphate occurs mainly as hydroxyapatite (HAP) [Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ] (HAP). (In fact, in bone the hydroxyl ions are partly displaced by carbonate ions and therefore the bone mineral is often referred to as carbonate apatite.) Collagen acts as the framework macromolecule in the biomineralization of bone, whereas non-collageneous proteins act as control macromolecules. [1b] In addition, the presence of collagen provides a necessary toughness to the strong, but brittle hydroxyapatite.Monosaccharides [2] and polymers [3] have been used to affect the morphology of synthetic hydroxyapatite. Control over the organization of HAP crystals has been achieved by utilizing lyotropic phases [4] and self-assembled fibers, [5] in the first case leading to a composite consisting of alternating layers of HAP and organic material, whereas in the second case a composite was obtained in which the crystals are aligned with their c-axis along the fiber axis.Poly(propylene imine) dendrimer (1) functionalized with long alkyl chains is an amphiphilic molecule that forms welldefined aggregates when mixed with single-chain surfactants. [6] The surface chemistry and the morphology of these aggregates can be varied by the choice of surfactant. The success of these dendrimer/surfactant complexes in templating the formation of calcium carbonate, as reported previously, [6a] prompted us to explore their capability to control the formation of hydroxyapatite composites. In this paper we describe the formation of an HAP composite that, in contrast to other synthetic composite materials, shows plastic deformation (as in bone) while retaining a high stiffness.Hydroxyapatite precipitates were synthesized by the simultaneous addition of equal amounts of CaCl 2 (100 mM) and KH 2 PO 4 (60 mM) at a controlled addition speed of 0.5 mL h ±1 to a dispersion of dendrimer/surfactant templates (70 mL, [1] = 40 lM), while maintaining the pH at 7.4 by the addition of aqueous 0.1 N NaOH. The solution was continuously purged with nitrogen to prevent the build up of carbonate ions and the consequent formation of carbonate apatite. The surfactants used had an amino group (octadecylamine, OA), a quaternary ammonium (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB), and a sulfate (sodium dodecylsulfate, SDS) head group. [6] In the case of OA and CTAB the composites were isolated in approximately 90 % yield, whereas in the case of SDS only 10 % of the calculated amount of composite could be recov-COMMUNICATIONS Adv. Mater. 2003, 15, No. 3, February 5

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Untitled

Cited by 44 publications

References 26 publications

Tensile strength and impact resistance properties of materials used in prosthetic check sockets, copolymer sockets, and definitive laminated sockets

Tensile strength and impact resistance properties of materials used in prosthetic check sockets, copolymer sockets, and definitive laminated sockets

Predicting Mechanical Performance of Polymers

Dendrimer‐Based Hydroxyapatite Composites with Remarkable Materials Properties

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