Untitled

ENSO impacts on Atlantic watersheds of South America

“…Anomalous monthly rainfalls were also recorded in Rocha, Uruguay, in 1941Uruguay, in , 1959Uruguay, in , 1986Uruguay, in and 1998 and recorded in the sediments of the Blanca shallow lake (García-Rodríguez et al 2002). Interannual precipitation variability associated with ENSOs had different consequences for soybean yields depending on crop growth-stage (Podestá et al 1999, Peñalba et al 2007.…”

South American lake paleo-records across the Pampean Region

“…1) have shown a clear nutrient enrichment during the past 70 years associated with a welldocumented increase in human impact in the region (García-Rodríguez et al, 2002;Inda et al, 2008). Present-day nutrient levels of anthropogenically-disturbed lakes indicate highly eutrophic conditions.…”

Combining bulk sediment OSL and meteoric10Be fingerprinting techniques to identify gully initiation sites and erosion depths

“…Gullies are deep erosional features incised into landscapes and are too large to be easily filled; they can be formed by natural and anthropogenic processes, often involving land use changes that reduce native vegetation cover [Cox et al, 2010;Eriksson et al, 2006;Eyles, 1977b;Knox, 2006;Nyssen et al, 2004;Reusser and Bierman, 2010;Stankoviansky, 2003]. The consequences of gully erosion are twofold: incision and expansion of gullies in up-catchment landscapes erode soil [Perroy et al, 2010;Poesen et al, 2003;Reusser and Bierman, 2010], and deposition of gully-derived sediment fills and buries down-catchment landscapes on both shortand long-term time scales [Beach et al, 2006;Coronato and del Valle, 1993;Eyles, 1977b;García-Rodríguez et al, 2002;Luk et al, 1997;Nichols et al, 2014;Valette-Silver et al, 1986]. While natural gully incision may be unpreventable [Cox et al, 2010;diCenzo and Luk, 1997;Gellis et al, 2011;Luk et al, 1997], gully incision following changes in human land use practices is often, in hindsight, preventable [e.g., Brannstrom and Oliveira, 2000;Eyles, 1977b;Fuchs et al, 2004;Montgomery, 2007;Perroy et al, 2010;Reusser and Bierman, 2010;Richardson et al, 2014;Rosen, 2008;Stankoviansky, 2003;Turkelboom et al, 2008;Valette-Silver et al, 1986].…”

“…Prior to the European colonial era, PSA was often eroded from gully systems that formed as a result of human land use practices being introduced to a landscape that had been previously uninhabited such as in the Americas, Iceland, Africa, Europe, and Asia [e.g., Beach et al, 2006;Coltorti et al, 2010;Dugmore et al, 2000;Kidder et al, 2012;Nyssen et al, 2004;Pope and van Andel, 1984;Rosen, 2008]. More commonly known is landscape erosion and PSA deposition across regions that were affected by European and American colonial expansion and industrial intensification in the 17th-19th centuries throughout North America, South Africa, Europe, Oceania, and South America [e.g., Brannstrom and Oliveira, 2000;Damm and Hagedorn, 2010;Foulds et al, 2013;García-Rodríguez et al, 2002;Montgomery, 2007;Richardson et al, 2014;Portenga et al, 2016aPortenga et al, , 2016bRustomji and Pietsch, 2007]. Not only is PSA an ideal material for this study because of its connection to gully erosion, but its relationship to human land use around the world also provides insights into the magnitude of historical and prehistorical human impacts on global landscapes and environments [Hooke et al, 2012;Montgomery, 2007;Toy, 1982;Wilkinson and McElroy, 2007].…”