We reported previously on flavonoids from leaves and flowers of Astragalus falcatus Lam. (Leguminosae L.) inhabiting Georgia [1]. The plant is the official raw material for producing the substance for the drug flaronin with hypoazotemic and diuretic activity [2,3]. The raw material contains robinin trioside (trade name flaronin) and highly polar compounds as impurities (up to 5%) in flaronin substance [2]. These glycosides are difficult to isolate because they are highly hydrophilic.The components could be separated (see Experimental) from the total polar flavonoids that were isolated by preparative paper chromatography (PC) by using reversed-phase HPLC. The obtained compounds were denoted falcosides A-E. The individual components were analyzed in order to determine their structures after they were accumulated in significant amounts.It was found that falcosides A, B, and E were oligosides of kaempferol with sugar components such as D-glucose, D-galactose, L-arabinose, and L-rhamnose in falcoside A; D-glucose, D-galactose, D-xylose, and L-rhamnose in falcoside B; and D-glucose, D-galactose, L-arabinose, D-xylose, and L-rhamnose in falcoside E.The structures of falcosides C and D were elucidated on the basis of UV, IR, PMR, 13 C NMR, HMBC, HSQC, and 1D-TOCSY spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.Falcoside C was a yellow powder that gave a positive Shinoda reaction [4] and negative Bryant test [5]. The molecular weight 934 (mass spectrometry) corresponded to the formula C 39 H 50 O 26 . The IR spectrum showed absorption bands characteristic of flavonoids at 3600 cm -1 (OH) and 1650 (J-pyrone C=O). The compound was designated as a flavonol glycoside based on absorption maxima in the UV spectrum in EtOH at 360 and 255 nm.