6 [micro sign]m vertical cavity surface emitting laser based on IV-VI semiconductor compounds

Molecular beam epitaxy of IV–VI semiconductor hetero‐ and nano‐structures

“…Lead salt mid-infrared VCSELs were first demonstrated by our group [18] for wavelengths between 4.5 and 6 µm. This development was based on the realization of novel high-reflectivity epitaxial Bragg mirrors and ultra-high finesse microcavity structures for the infrared region [19].…”

Molecular beam epitaxy of vertical-emitting microcavity lasers for the 6–8micron spectral range operating in continuous-wave mode

“…As IV-VI VCSELs have to be tailored for a certain operation wavelength and temperature [7,13], we chose for our samples long target emission wavelengths of 8 and 6:7 mm corresponding to optimum operation temperatures of 2 and 85 K; respectively, for a PbSe active region. In contrast to our previous work [12,[6][7][8][9], here we used Se-based chalcogenide compounds for all layers of the laser structure. Thus, the samples consist of two high-reflectivity EuSe/Pb 0:94 Eu 0:06 Se midinfrared Bragg mirrors and a two-wavelength microcavity in between.…”

“…In addition, these structures have a great potential for reducing threshold pump powers. Since their first demonstration by our group [6], an improvement of the performance of optically pumped IV-VI semiconductor vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) was subject of several investigations [7][8][9]. As a result, pulsed laser emission was obtained for temperatures as high as 65 C [8], whereas cw operation of such VCSELs has not been achieved prior to this work.…”

Spectroscopy on Vertical Microcavities for the Mid-Infrared

“…The advantages of lead salt lasers as compared to other mid-infrared laser diodes is that they allow to access the longest emission wavelength of 30 mm [4] and the highest operation temperature of 223 K in cw [5] and of 60 C in pulsed mode [6]. Apart from the conventional edge emitting lasers, very recently, surface emitting lead-salt mid-infrared microcavity lasers were demonstrated [7][8][9]. In these devices, by optically pumping with 100 fs pulses laser emission from PbTe quantum wells has been obtained up to a temperature of 65 C [10].…”