[57] Genetic and physical maps of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cherry, J. Michael; Ball, Catherine A.; Weng, Shuai; Juvik, Gail; Schmidt, Rita; Adler, Caroline; Dunn, Barbara K.; Dwight, Selina S.; Riles, Linda; Mortimer, Robert; Botstein, David

doi:10.1016/0076-6879(91)94060-p

Cited by 242 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Surprisingly, the result showed that the rerl mutation was located between the LEU2 and the MAT loci but only 5.2 cM apart from LEU2 (Table 2). In our analysis, the genetic distance between LEU2 and MAT was only 21 cM, much shorter than the 48 cM value in the genetic map currently available (Mortimer et al, 1989). The reason for this discrepancy is unclear at present.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…First, genetic distances were not as exact as described in the current map. In our hands, for example, the distance between the LEU2 and the MAT loci on the chromosome III was only 21 cM, much shorter than the value of 48 cM in the genetic map (Mortimer et al, 1989). There is a hot spot of Ty transposon insertion on the right arm near the centromere of this chromosome (Yoshikawa and Isono, 1990), which might have affected the recombination frequency.…”

Section: Rer1contrasting

confidence: 51%

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Membrane protein retrieval from the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER): characterization of the RER1 gene product as a component involved in ER localization of Sec12p.

Sato

Nishikawa

Nakano

1995

MBoC

101

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Yeast Sec12p, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, is required for formation of transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Biochemical and morphological analyses have suggested that Sec12p is localized to the ER by two mechanisms: static retention in the ER and dynamic retrieval from the early region of the Golgi apparatus. The rer1 mutant we isolated in a previous study mislocalizes the authentic Sec12p to the later compartments of the Golgi. To understand the role of RER1 on Sec12p localization, we cloned the gene and determined its reading frame. RER1 encodes a hydrophobic protein of 188 amino acid residues containing four putative membrane spanning domains. The rer1 null mutant is viable. Even in the rer1 disrupted cells, immunofluorescence of Sec12p stains the ER, implying that the retention system is still operating in the mutant. To determine the subcellular localization of Rer1p, an epitope derived from the influenza hemagglutinin was added to the C-terminus of Rer1p and the cells expressing this tagged but functional protein were observed by immunofluorescence microscopy. The anti-HA monoclonal antibody stains the cells in a punctate pattern that is typical for Golgi proteins and clearly distinct from the ER staining. This punctate staining was in fact exaggerated in the sec7 mutant that accumulates the Golgi membranes at the restrictive temperature. Furthermore, double staining of Rer1p and Ypt1p, a GTPase that is known to reside in the Golgi apparatus, showed good colocalization. Subcellular fractionation experiments indicated that the fractionation pattern of Rer1p was similar to that of an early Golgi protein, Och1p. From these results, we suggest that Rer1p functions in the Golgi membrane to return Sec12p that has escaped from the static retention system of the ER.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 78%

Section: Rer1contrasting

confidence: 51%

Membrane protein retrieval from the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER): characterization of the RER1 gene product as a component involved in ER localization of Sec12p.

Sato

Nishikawa

Nakano

1995

MBoC

101

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“…Regions centromereproximal to X sequences are also composed of repeated sequences, some of which are specific to S. cerevisiae and are not found in any other Saccharomyces species (Louis et al, 1994; 2000a). The subtelomeric regions also harbour the families of polymeric genes controlling the fermentation of different sugars (maltose, sucrose, α-methylgucoside, soluble starch and melibiose) in S. cerevisiae (Mortimer et al, 1992). For Southern hybridization experiments, we have chosen seven subtelomeric sequences (Table 2), which are specific to S. cerevisiae and normally do not anneal to chromosome bands of S. bayanus strains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…uvarum strain 623-6C using the BLASTN algorithm. (Mortimer et al, 1992). The more common is a MAL1 locus, while approximately two-thirds of S. cerevisiae strains have a MAL3 locus (Naumov et al, 1994b;Oda and Tonomura, 1996).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular genetic study of introgression between Saccharomyces bayanus and S. cerevisiae

Наумова

Наумов

Masneuf‐Pomarède

et al. 2005

Yeast

121

101

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The genomic constitution of different S. bayanus strains and natural interspecific Saccharomyces hybrids has been studied by genetic and molecular methods. Unlike S. bayanus var. uvarum, some S. bayanus var. bayanus strains (the type culture CBS 380, CBS 378, CBS 425, CBS 1548) harbour a number of S. cerevisiae subtelomeric sequences: Y , pEL50, SUC, RTM and MAL. The two varieties, having 86-100% nDNA-nDNA reassociation, are partly genetically isolated from one another but completely isolated from S. cerevisiae. Genetic and molecular data support the maintaining of var. bayanus and var. uvarum strains in the species S. bayanus. Using Southern hybridization with species-specific molecular markers, RFLP of the MET2 gene and flow cytometry analysis, we showed that the non-S. cerevisiae parents are different in lager brewing yeasts and in wine hybrid strains. Our results suggest that S. pastorianus is a hybrid between S. cerevisiae and S. bayanus var. bayanus, while S. bayanus var. uvarum contributed to the formation of the wine hybrids S6U and CID1. According to the partial sequence of ACT1 gene and flow cytometry analysis, strain CID1 is a triple hybrid between S. cerevisiae, S. kudriavzevii and S. bayanus var. uvarum.

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“…The approximately 480-bp sequences reported in both the previous and current studies essentially are identical. The known location of FASI (18), therefore, implies that PPS1 is located on the left arm of chromosome XI. Physical mapping confirmed this genetic location; the 3.1-kb Pstl fragment containing PPSJ hybridized to clone 71161 of the ordered clone bank of Olson et al (19,20) (data not shown), known to be located on the left arm of chromosome XI. PPSI specifies PRPP synthase activity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutation elm4-1 facilitates pseudohyphal differentiation and interacts with a deficiency in phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthase activity to cause constitutive pseudohyphal growth.

Blacketer¹,

Madaule²,

Myers³

1994

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant E124 was selected in a visual screen based on elongated cell shape. Genetic analysis showed that E124 contains two separate mutations, ppsl-1 and elm4-1, each causing a distinct phenotype inherited as a single-gene trait. In rich medium, ppsl-i by itself causes increased doubling time but does not affect cell shape, whereas eln4-1 results in a moderate cell elongation phenotype but does not affect growth rate. Reconstructed ebn4-1 ppsi-i double mutants display a synthetic phenotype in rich medium including extreme cell elongation and delayed cell separation, both characteristics of pseudohyphal differentiation. The elm4-1 mutation was shown to act as a dominant factor that potentiates pseudohyphal differentiation in response to general nitrogen starvation in a genetic background in which pseudohyphal growth normally does not occur. Thus, elm4-1 allows recognition of, or response to, a pseudohyphal differentiation signal that results from nitrogen limitation. PPS1 was isolated and shown to be a previously undescribed gene coding for a protein similar in amino acid sequence to phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of nucleotides, histidine, and tryptophan. Thus, the ppsl-1 mutation may generate a nitrogen limitation signal, which when coupled with elm4-1 results in pseudohyphal growth even in rich medium.The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a dimorphic organism that carries out a morphologic differentiation process when starved for nitrogen (6-10, 17, 26). In most laboratory growth conditions, S. cerevisiae exhibits a typical yeast-like morphology in which individual cells have an ovoid shape and separate from each other easily. In agar medium limiting for nitrogen supply, however, certain S. cerevisiae strains adopt a markedly different cell and colony morphology, termed pseudohyphae.These cells are significantly elongated, and mother-daughter pairs remain attached to each other. In most cell divisions, buds form opposite the birth pole, which is connected to the previous mother cell. Together, these characteristics cause colony growth in the form of expanded branched chains extending outward from the colony center. Colony expansion also includes invasive growth under the surface of agar medium. This property, termed foraging, is specific to the pseudohyphal form.These observations suggest S. cerevisiae can perceive a nutritional signal and in response to that signal flip a developmental switch that causes a specific morphologic differentiation response to take place. The molecular nature of this differentiation process is not yet understood; however, several proteins that affect the pseudohyphal growth response have been identified by genetic means. Gimeno et al. (9) potentiates the pseudohyphal differentiation response. We have identified three unlinked gene loci, ELMI, ELM2, and ELM3, in which mutations affect pseudohyphal growth (3).Diploid strains homozygous for any of these mutations grow as pseudohyphae constitutively, independent...

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[57] Genetic and physical maps of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cited by 242 publications

References 12 publications

Membrane protein retrieval from the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER): characterization of the RER1 gene product as a component involved in ER localization of Sec12p.

Membrane protein retrieval from the Golgi apparatus to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER): characterization of the RER1 gene product as a component involved in ER localization of Sec12p.

Molecular genetic study of introgression between Saccharomyces bayanus and S. cerevisiae

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutation elm4-1 facilitates pseudohyphal differentiation and interacts with a deficiency in phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthase activity to cause constitutive pseudohyphal growth.

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