5 Algae for aquaculture and animal feeds

Shields, Robin J.; Lupatsch, Ingrid

doi:10.1515/9783110298321.79

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…biopharmaceuticals, essential fatty acids, pigments, etc. ), full utilization of the entire microalgal crop, through a balanced microalgae 'biorefinery' approach that can sustainably satisfy demands for biofuels, animal feeds and aquaculture is the only feasible strategy to increase the price competitiveness of a microalgae industry (Pulz and Gross, 2004;Chisti, 2007;Brune et al, 2009;FAO, 2009;Stephens et al, 2010;Subhadra and Grinson, 2011;Ahmed et al, 2012;Bryant et al, 2012;Shields and Lupatsch, 2012). A current and relevant example of this scenario is the rising production of biofuels from corn (and other grains) in North America.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical composition and amino acid profiles of Nannochloropsis granulata algal biomass before and after supercritical fluid CO2 extraction at two processing temperatures

Tibbetts

Bjornsson

McGinn

2015

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical composition and amino acid profiles of Nannochloropsis granulata algal biomass before and after supercritical fluid CO2 extraction at two processing temperatures

Tibbetts

Bjornsson

McGinn

2015

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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“…Use of whole algal biomass as animal feed has been practiced in poultry and aquaculture for many decades (Becker 1994;Neori 2011;Shields and Lupatsch 2012). Algal biomass has been reported to contain balanced amino acid profile and as an alternative to conventional protein sources like soy, corn meal, or skim milk (Fevrier and Seve 1975;Isaacs et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute and subchronic safety assessment of Porphyridium purpureum biomass in the rat model

et al. 2015

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Porphyridium purpureum biomass was assessed for its acute and subchronic safety in albino Wistar rats and for its use as animal feed/human food application. P. purpureum contained 29.9 % protein, 7.99 % lipid, and 2.98 % phycoerythrin on dry basis. Polyunsaturated fatty acids constituted >50 % of the total fatty acids (53.9 % w/ w), with eicosapentaenoic acid as the predominant ω3 (21.9 %) and arachidonic acid as the predominant ω6 fatty acid (15.7 %) with an overall ω6/ω3 ratio of 0.42. The essential amino acids (EAAs) constituted 37.97 % (w/w) of proteins with leucine as the predominant amino acid (10.99 %). The EAA index was similar to casein and soybean proteins. Water absorption capacity (WAC; 3.86±0.01 g water g −1 biomass) and oil absorption capacity (OAC; 3.57±0.04 g oil g −1 biomass) were six times higher compared to the basal diet (WAC 0 . 6 6 ± 0 . 0 0 7 g w a t e r g − 1 f e e d a n d O A C 0 . 5 7 ± 0.02 g oil g −1 feed). The acute toxicity study showed that the biomass was safe at acute doses and LD 50 exceeded 5.0 g kg −1 body weight, the highest dose used in the study. In a subchronic study, rats were fed a diet containing 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 % levels (w/w) for a period of 13 weeks. The biomass fortification did not induce any untoward changes in physiology such as body weight gain, relative organ weights, histopathology, and hematological and serum biochemical indices. However, supplementation of P. purpureum biomass resulted in decreased serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared to control groups indicating its high nutritional value.

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“…However, the most important components are the fatty acids (Desvilettes and Bec 2009, Kovaè et al 2013, Sauvanet et al 2013, Terech-Majewska et al 2016, while sterols, amino acids, enzymes, organic minerals, chlorophyll, carotenoids, vitamins and trace elements, for example, are also important as they are directly available to the first stages of larval and juvenile fish or even as indirect sources through the trophic chain to fish of more advanced stages. Determining phytoplankton structure is also essential for assessing its nutritional value, which has recently been identified as very important for successful aquaculture (Shields and Lupatsch 2012) and even for human nutritional supplementation and health (Abd El Baky and El-Baroty 2013, de Jesus Raposo et al 2013, Vavilala and D'Souza 2015, Hayes et al 2017.…”

Section: Trends In the Multiple Roles Of Phytoplankton And Solving Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6. The sixth period (2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014) included the highest fish catches in 2005, because of the high share of non-predatory small fish and the lack of catches in -2009and 2012(Zakêoe et al 2015. No winter fish kills were noted, but good oxygen conditions were observed throughout the growth seasons from as early as 2000 and also in the winter of 2011-2014 (this continues to the present) (Napiórkowska-Krzebietke et al 2012, Zakêoe et al 2015, Kalinowska et al 2017.…”

Section: Lake Warniak Timelinementioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoplankton response to fish-induced environmental changes in a temperate shallow pond-type lake

Napiórkowska‐Krzebietke

2017

Archives of Polish Fisheries

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Since 1967, the temperate, shallow, pond-type Lake Warniak has been subjected to different biomanipulation methods including the introduction of common carp,Cyprinus carpioL., grass carp,Ctenopharyngodon idella(Val.), silver carp,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix(Val.), and bighead carp,Hypophthalmichthys nobilis(Richardson) and then their removal in an effort to control macrophytes and phytoplankton. Recently, pilot stocking with predatory fish, particularly pike,Esox luciusL., has also been conducted. Hence, an examination of the long-term response patterns of phytoplankton to multiple fish-induced stressors was undertaken. In recent years,Charadomination (2000-2004) has helped to stabilize a clear-water state, high/good ecological status, and meso-eutrophic conditions. After the disappearance of Charales in 2004, the rapid, unstable changes in phytoplankton biomass, structure, and biodiversity suggested a shift toward a turbid-water state. As a result, the phytoplankton assemblages changed from those dominated by cryptophytes Y+X2+X1+LO(2000-2004) through those dominated by cyanobacteria K (2005-2008), dinoflagellates LO+Y (2009-2011), and cryptophytes Y+LO+F+X2 (2012), to those dominated by diatoms D+K+P+A (2013-2014) with representative taxa that occur in nutrient-rich and/or nutrient-poor water bodies. The 1967-2014 changes indicated that four periods, two with clear-water state and two with turbid-water state, alternately, one after the other, resulted from different fish pressure. Higher autochthonous fish biomass was usually accompanied by lower phytoplankton biomass. In contrast, the introduction of Cyprinidae fish had a stimulating effect on summer phytoplankton dominated by cyanobateria. Among the nutrients, only phosphorus played an important role.

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5 Algae for aquaculture and animal feeds

Cited by 26 publications

References 45 publications

Biochemical composition and amino acid profiles of Nannochloropsis granulata algal biomass before and after supercritical fluid CO2 extraction at two processing temperatures

Biochemical composition and amino acid profiles of Nannochloropsis granulata algal biomass before and after supercritical fluid CO2 extraction at two processing temperatures

Acute and subchronic safety assessment of Porphyridium purpureum biomass in the rat model

Phytoplankton response to fish-induced environmental changes in a temperate shallow pond-type lake

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