A new natural product (N-acetyltryptophan), together with 22 known constituents, including seven alkaloids, six flavonoids, six organic acids, and other compounds, were isolated from Salsola collina Pall. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical reaction and spectral evidence. Among the isolated compounds, N-acetyltryptophan (8) showed moderate inhibition of D-amylase activity, and terrestric acid (9) showed positive antifungal activity.Salsola collina Pall., which is widely distributed in northeastern and southwestern China, has been used as food or folk medicine for the treatment of hypertension, headache, and vertigo in China. Few phytochemical investigations of the plant have been previously reported, and they mainly refer to the isolation of sterols >1@, sugars, sugar esters >2@, flavonoids >3-6@, and alkaloids >7, 8@. Salsoline A, an alkaloid isolated from Salsola collina Pall., showed appreciable antibacterial activity and moderate antiviral activity against influenza virus A and B >9@. To isolate new compounds and to search for biologically active compounds from Salsola collina Pall., we have carried out a phytochemical investigation of it, obtaining 23 compounds, which were pericampylinone-A (1) >10@, salsoline A (2) >7@, moupinamide (3) >11@, 7c-hydroxymoupinamide (4) >12@, 7c-hydroxy-3c-methylmoupinamide (5) >12@, uracil (6) >13@, uridine (7) >14@, N-acetyltryptophan (8) >15, 16@ terrestric acid (9) >17@, anisic acid (10), protocatechuic aldehyde (11), vanillin (12) >18@, corchoionoside C (13) >19@, acetyl ferulic acid (14) >20@, p-hydroxycinnamic acid (15) >8@, salicylic acid (16), isorhamnetin (17) >21], tricin (18) >22@, tricin-7-O-E-Dglucopyranoside (19) >8@, 5,2c-dihydroxy-6,7-methylenedioxyisoflavone (20) >23@, quercetin (21) >24@, rutin (22) >25@ and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (23). Among these compounds, N-acetyltryptophan (8) was a new natural product, and compounds 1-9 and 11-14 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The biologically active results showed that N-acetyltryptophan (8) had moderate D-amylase inhibitory activity (Table 1), and terrestric acid (9) had positive antifungal activity (Table 2). NH O HO HO 1 N O HO HO 2 HN N O O R 6, 7 6: R = H; 7: R = ribose N H 3 CO HO O R 2 R 1 OH H 3 -5 3: R 1 = R 2 = H; 4: R 1 = H, R 2 = OH 5: R 1 = OCH 3 , R 2 = OH