4d Reconstruction and Visualization of Cultural Heritage: Analyzing Our Legacy Through Time

Abstract

ABSTRACT:Temporal analyses and multi-temporal 3D reconstruction are fundamental for the preservation and maintenance of all forms of Cultural Heritage (CH) and are the basis for decisions related to interventions and promotion. Introducing the fourth dimension of time into three-dimensional geometric modelling of real data allows the creation of a multi-temporal representation of a site. In this way, scholars from various disciplines (surveyors, geologists, archaeologists, architects, philologists, etc.) are provided with a new set of tools and working methods to support the study of the evolution of heritage sites, both to develop hypotheses about the past and to model likely future developments. The capacity to "see" the dynamic evolution of CH assets across different spatial scales (e.g. building, site, city or territory) compressed in diachronic model, affords the possibility to better understand the present status of CH according to its history. However, there are numerous challenges in order to carry out 4D modelling and the requisite multi-data source integration. It is necessary to identify the specifications, needs and requirements of the CH community to understand the required levels of 4D model information. In this way, it is possible to determine the optimum material and technologies to be utilised at different CH scales, as well as the data management and visualization requirements. This manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive approach for CH time-varying representations, analysis and visualization across different working scales and environments: rural landscape, urban landscape and architectural scales. Within this aim, the different available metric data sources are systemized and evaluated in terms of their suitability.

Accurate Reconstruction of the Roman Circus in Milan by Georeferencing Heterogeneous Data Sources with GIS

“…The so-called 4D reconstruction is usually intended as the process for obtaining the shape of real objects and their changes along a temporal dimension, based on a methodology for integrating the various sources of non-uniform data [27]. In addition, the surveys described above, georeferenced to the topographic network of the city, helped to identify the accurate positioning of the buildings, and to obtain precise measurements of shape and size of the structures.…”

Cultural Heritage Through Time: A Case Study at Hadrian’s Wall, United Kingdom

“…The methodology pipeline is divided into four main phases: (i) data collection, (ii) processing, (iii) fusion and (iv) analysis of results (CHT 2 WP2, 2016; Rodríguez- Gonzálvez et al, 2017). This paper focuses primarily on the first phase of the methodology, the data collection stage.…”

Capturing spatial patterns of rural landscapes with point cloud

“…A point cloud is a collection of XYZ coordinates in a common coordinate system that portrays to the viewer an understanding of the spatial distribution of the surface of a subject (Barber, et al, 2011). While some technology frameworks have been established for heritage landscapes (Fiorillo et al, 2013;Remondino, 2011;Rodríguez-Gonzálvez et al, 2017), it is still necessary to show how these technologies can be integrated into a cultural landscape conservation workflow, especially in the heritage identification phase. The strengths of point cloud technologies have been shown in many heritage conservation projects (Baptista, 2013;Kivilcim & Duran, 2016;Markiewicz & Zawieska, 2014;Salach et al, 2016;Warden, 2009).…”

“…Compared with other types of cultural heritage, rural landscapes have specific features in terms of scope, scale, components, data update cycle, and needed precision. While some technology frameworks have been established for heritage landscapes (Fiorillo et al, 2013;Remondino, 2011;Rodríguez-Gonzálvez et al, 2017), it is still necessary to show how these technologies can be integrated into a cultural landscape conservation workflow, especially in the heritage identification phase.…”