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Ковалева, С. В.; Gladyshev, V. P.; Chikineva, N. V.

doi:10.1023/a:1016679020283

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…158 The theory and practice of MFE's in ASV for the detection of the easily amalgamated metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Bi, Sn) has been well documented 2,4 and new applications continue to accumulate in the literature. Apart from the common heavy metals, the determination of other cations such as NH 4 +159 Ba 160,161 and Pd 162 by stripping analysis has been carried out on MFE's. Less common are reports of CSV on MFE's after either electrolytic or adsorptive preconcentration.…”

Section: Selected Applications Of Mfe'smentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury film electrodes: developments, trends and potentialities for electroanalysis

Economou

Fielden²

2003

Analyst

120

128

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Section: Selected Applications Of Mfe'smentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury film electrodes: developments, trends and potentialities for electroanalysis

Economou

Fielden²

2003

Analyst

120

128

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“…8,15,16 Barium has previously been detected electrochemically in GSR 9,17 but presents the most difficulties of any of the GSR constituents due to the fact that it strips at a very negative potential and causes hydrolysis of an aqueous solvent. 18,19 The combination of different powerful and independent detection principles for identification of a broad range of trace GSR particles has been reported. In 1987, Dahl et al were also utilizing orthogonal detection techniques for the discrimination of organic and inorganic components in GSR with the use of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with oxidative electrochemical detection and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several authors have described the simultaneous detection of two or more GSR-consistent metals utilizing a variety of voltammetric methods. − Advances in such analyses have been reported through the use of chemometric treatment of data obtained from voltammetric detection of GSR samples. , Some drawbacks to the voltammetric detection of GSR have been identified. The detection of antimony in GSR is complicated by the fact that the Sb and Cu signals can overlap. ,, Barium has previously been detected electrochemically in GSR , but presents the most difficulties of any of the GSR constituents due to the fact that it strips at a very negative potential and causes hydrolysis of an aqueous solvent. , …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthogonal Identification of Gunshot Residue with Complementary Detection Principles of Voltammetry, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy: Sample, Screen, and Confirm

2014

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Field-deployable voltammetric screening coupled with complementary laboratory-based analysis to confirm the presence of gunshot residue (GSR) from the hands of a subject who has handled, loaded, or discharged a firearm is described. This protocol implements the orthogonal identification of the presence of GSR utilizing square-wave stripping voltammetry (SWSV) as a rapid screening tool along with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to confirm the presence of the characteristic morphology and metal composition of GSR particles. This is achieved through the judicious modification of the working electrode of a carbon screen-printed electrode (CSPE) with carbon tape (used in SEM analysis) to fix and retain a sample. A comparison between a subject who has handled and loaded a firearm and a subject who has had no contact with GSR shows the significant variations in voltammetric signals and the presence or absence of GSR-consistent particles and constituent metals. This initial electrochemical screening has no effect on the integrity of the metallic particles, and SEM/EDX analysis conducted prior to and postvoltammetry show no differences in analytical output. The carbon tape is instrumental in retaining the GSR sample after electrochemical analysis, supported by comparison with orthogonal detection at a bare CSPE. This protocol shows great promise as a two-tier detection system for the presence of GSR from the hands of a subject, whereby initial screening can be conducted rapidly onsite by minimally trained operators; confirmation can follow at the same substrate to substantiate the voltammetric results.

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“…Heyrovsky showed that barium(II) can be determined by polarography in his pioneering work of 1948 20. However, barium is unsuited for mainstream electrochemical detection (including field‐deployable screen printed electrodes) as it stripps at such negative potentials, resulting in hydrolysis of aqueous solvent 21, 22. This is a major limitation to this approach, because in the interpretation of gunshot residues, the combination of Ba and Sb is often more reliable as an indicator than Pb and Sb alone.…”

Section: Electroanalysis Of Gunshot Residuementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Detection of Gunshot Residue for Forensic Analysis: A Review

O’Mahony

Wang

2013

Electroanalysis

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Current demands for detection of Gunshot Residue (GSR) require a reliable and rapid decentralized detection system with high sensitivity and specificity. This article reviews the use of electrochemical devices for GSR detection over the last 35 years and highlights recent advances associated with the demands of GSR field detection such as portability, speed, cost and power. Anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) has been widely implemented for the detection of the metallic components of GSR at a variety of working electrodes. Efforts toward the detection of the organic components of GSR have also been reported using cyclic-and square-wave voltammetry. The simultaneous detection of both organic and inorganic GSR constituents has recently been examined to increase the overall information content in a single voltammetric scan. As well as this, exploitation of screen-printing fabrication allows replacement of conventional electrochemical cells with easy-to-use sensor strips Sampling methods for electrochemical GSR analysis are also advancing from acid washes or swabs to simpler abrasive methods which integrate sampling and analysis obviating the need for intermediate processing steps. The latest direction of electrochemical detection of GSR involves chemometric treatment to evaluate data allowing for more objective conclusions and increasing the automation of the system. These advances indicate great promise for investigating firearm-related crimes, and bring significant changes to the detection of GSR making electroanalysis a powerful tool for decentralized forensic analysis.

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Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Mercury film electrodes: developments, trends and potentialities for electroanalysis

Mercury film electrodes: developments, trends and potentialities for electroanalysis

Orthogonal Identification of Gunshot Residue with Complementary Detection Principles of Voltammetry, Scanning Electron Microscopy, and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy: Sample, Screen, and Confirm

Electrochemical Detection of Gunshot Residue for Forensic Analysis: A Review

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