3D scaffolds of caprolactone/chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol/hydroxyapatite stabilized by physical bonds seeded with swine dental pulp stem cell for bone tissue engineering

Abstract

Bone Regeneration represents a clinical need, related to bone defects such as congenital anomalies, trauma with bone loss, and/or some pathologies such as cysts or tumors This is why a polymeric biomaterial that mimics the osteogenic composition and structure represents a high potential to face this problem. The method of obtaining these materials was first to prepare a stabilized hydrogel by means of physical bonds and then to make use of the lyophilization technique to obtain the 3D porous scaffolds with temperature conditions of −58 °C and pressure of 1 Pa for 16 h. The physicochemical and bioactive properties of the scaffolds were studied. FTIR and TGA results confirm the presence of the initial components in the 3d matrix of the scaffold. The scaffolds exhibited a morphology with pore size and interconnectivity that promote good cell viability. Together, the cell viability and proliferation test, Alamar BlueTM and the differentiation test: alizarin staining, showed the ability of physically stabilized scaffolds to proliferate and differentiate swine dental pulp stem cell (DPSCs) followed by mineralization. Therefore, the Cs-PCL-PVA-HA scaffold stabilized by physical bonds has characteristics that suggest great utility for future complementary in vitro tests and in vivo studies on bone defects. Likewise, this biomaterial was enhanced with the addition of HA, providing a scaffold with osteoconductive properties necessary for good regeneration of bone tissue.

Cannabidiol-loaded microparticles embedded in a porous hydrogel matrix for biomedical applications

“…An additional observation relative to the increase in crosslinking points was the reduction of the total porosity calculated for PLGA@CBD10.0% compared with the control hydrogel (Table 1 ). Lower porosity also reduced the swelling ability of hydrogels, as demonstrated in the literature [ 46 ]. However, the PLGA@CBD hydrogels maintained a high porosity (>50%) providing adequate fluid flow to supply nutrients, bioactive compounds, growth factors and ensure the removal of the degradation by-products [ 39 , 47 ].…”

“…Degradation was comparable in both hydrogels. The degradation rate observed could provide the time necessary for primary proliferation, migration, and cell adhesion [ 44 , 46 , 49 ]. This may favor the action of CBD in increasing cellular migration dose-dependently in the first hours of contact with cell lineages similar to those of human osteoblasts [ 28 ].…”