3D printing applications in bone tissue engineering

Abstract

Purpose: 3D printing technology provides an excellent capability to manufacture customised implants for patients. Now, its applications are also successful in bone tissue engineering. This paper tries to provide a review of the applications of 3D printing in bone tissue engineering. Methods: Searching by keywords, from the Scopus database, to identify relevant latest research articles on 3D printing in bone tissue engineering, through "3D printing" "bone tissue engineering". This study makes a bibliometric analysis of the identified research articles and identified major applications and steps. Results: 3D printing technology creates innovative development in bone tissue engineering. It involves the manufacturing of a scaffold with the combination of cells and materials. We identified a total number of 257 research articles through bibliometric analysis by searching through keywords "3D printing" "bone tissue engineering". This paper studies 3D printing technology and its significant contributions, benefits and steps used for bone tissue engineering. Result discusses the essential elements of bone tissue engineering and identifies its five significant advancements when 3D printing is used. Finally, ten useful applications of 3D printing in bone tissue engineering are identified and studied with a brief description. Conclusion:In orthopaedics, bone defects create a high impact on the quality of life of the patient. It leads to a higher demand for bone substitutes for replacement of bone defect. Bone tissue engineering can help to replace a critical defect bone. 3D printing is a useful technology for the fabrication of scaffolds critical in bone tissue engineering. There are different binders which can create bone scaffolds with requisite mechanical strength. These binders are used to create excellent osteoconductive, bioactive scaffolds. Computed tomography (CT) and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) help to provide images of specific defects of an individual patient, and these images can further be used for 3D printing the detective object. A bone defect caused by specific disease is sorted out by transplantation in clinical practice. Now a day bone tissue engineering opens a new option for this treatment of bone defects with the manufacturing of porous bone scaffold using 3D printing technology.

3D Printing in Development of Nanomedicines

“…Three-dimensional printing innovation is being explored significantly to create advancement in the orthopedics field by providing precise scaffold as per the requirement of individual patients for bone tissue engineering. It increases bone development for cell culture to optimize osteogenesis and that is why bone tissue engineering is presently becoming feasible in today’s clinical field [ 27 ].…”

3D scanning of a carburetor body using COMET 3D scanner supported by COLIN 3D software: Issues and solutions

“…These scanned data are brought into the common reference system (i.e., alignment) and then merged to create a model using the triangulation method [12] , [13] . 3D digital model created by this technology is effectively used for 3D printing technology [14] , [15] .…”

Polymer-Based Scaffolds for Soft-Tissue Engineering

“…However, in the recent years, emerging technologies have acquired relevance in the field due to the possibility to produce highly controlled scaffolds in terms of mechanical and morphological properties. Microfluidics and 3D printing techniques are examples of those emerging techniques that allows obtaining a defined geometry, high control on the uniformity in the pore size and a good interconnectivity [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ].…”