3D printing and growth induced bending based on PET-RAFT polymerization

Bainbridge, Chris William Anderson; Engel, Kyle Edward; Jin, Jianyong

doi:10.1039/d0py00600a

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…The ratio [PEGDA]:[DMAm]=140:60 is equivalent to [PEGDA]:[DMAm]=70:30, a resin which contains a high concentration of multifunctional crosslinking monomers. This ratio has been used previously for RAFT facilitated 3D printing works [18–20] and allowed direct comparison with the 3D printing speed of the current photoinitiator‐RAFT polymerization system.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Having demonstrated that 3D printed objects with good resolution could be fabricated by incorporating RAFT agents into these resins, the printing speed was optimized for two resins with different crosslinker to monomer molar ratios, specifically This ratio has been used previously for RAFT facilitated 3D printing works [18][19][20] and allowed direct comparison with the 3D printing speed of the current photoinitiator-RAFT polymerization system.…”

Section: Optimizing 3d Printing Build Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, secondary chain extensions with hydrophobic or fluorescent monomers via thiocarbonylthio reactivation has been performed to create 3D printed materials with varying surface properties. [18,20] However, these photo-RAFT polymerization systems could only form well-defined objects if very high concentrations of divinyl monomer were used ([crosslinker]:[monomer] > 70: 30), and could only achieve maximum build speeds of 1.2 cm h À1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RAFT mediated 3D printed objects are terminated by reversible chain transfer agents, which are retained in the final products and can be readily activated to further functionalize the printed objects. Indeed, secondary chain extensions with hydrophobic or fluorescent monomers via thiocarbonylthio reactivation has been performed to create 3D printed materials with varying surface properties [18, 20] . However, these photo‐RAFT polymerization systems could only form well‐defined objects if very high concentrations of divinyl monomer were used ([crosslinker]:[monomer] >70:30), and could only achieve maximum build speeds of 1.2 cm h −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid High‐Resolution 3D Printing and Surface Functionalization via Type I Photoinitiated RAFT Polymerization

2021

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RAFT facilitated digital light projection 3D printing of polymeric materials provides a convenient and facile route for inducing post‐fabrication transformations via reactivation of dormant chain transfer agents. In this work, we report the use of a Norrish type I photoinitiator in conjunction with a RAFT agent to produce a variety of open‐air 3D printable resins that rapidly cure under visible light irradiation. The photoinitiator‐RAFT system polymerizes extremely quickly and provides high 3D printing build rates of up to 9.1 cm h−1, representing a 7‐fold increase compared to previous RAFT mediated 3D printing systems. 3D printed materials containing thiocarbonylthio groups can be also produced using low concentrations of divinyl comonomers in the initial resins, which has not been successfully achieved using other photocontrolled RAFT polymerization techniques. Interestingly, the inclusion of RAFT agents significantly improves 3D printing resolution compared to formulations without RAFT agent, allowing the fabrication of intricate and complex objects. Spatiotemporally controlled surface modifications of the 3D printed objects from the dormant RAFT agent groups on the material surfaces were also performed under one and two‐pass configurations, inducing multiple successive post‐printing transformations on the same object.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Optimizing 3d Printing Build Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rapid High‐Resolution 3D Printing and Surface Functionalization via Type I Photoinitiated RAFT Polymerization

2021

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“…The additive manufacturing (AM) industry, which is also commonly known as 3D printing or rapid prototyping (RP), is continuing its rapid growth as integral part of fourth industrial revolution. [ 1–9 ] For polymeric materials, the popular AM technologies include fused filament fabrication (FFF), also known as fused deposition modelling (FDM), [ 2 ] vat photopolymerization‐based stereolithography (SLA) [ 10–12 ] and digital light processing (DLP). [ 13,14 ] The beauty of the vat photopolymerization process lies in its rich polymer chemistry, offering myriad of photoresin formulation possibilities with a wide range of mechanical, optical, and thermal properties in the 3D printed final products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Hydrolytically Degradable 3D Printed Object Based on Aliphatic Polycarbonate Thiol‐Yne Photoresins

Simpson

Jin

2021

Macro Chemistry & Physics

Self Cite

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Like the thiol‐ene addition reaction, the thiol‐yne addition reaction can be initiated thermally and photochemically. The latter route therefore can be utilized for vat photopolymerization‐based additive manufacturing (AM). In this work, the following is reported (1) the synthesis of an aliphatic polycarbonate oligomer with a pendant alkyne functional group as a hydrolytically degradable “yne” component; (2) a new thiol‐yne photoresin formulation that has been applied in digital light processing (DLP) 405nm 3D printing to print objects with high resolution (50 µm layer thickness); and (3) the successful demonstration of fast hydrolytic degradation of a 3D printed object in aqueous alkaline solution. Therefore, the incorporation of an aliphatic polycarbonate alkyne component and ester thiols in the photoresin formulation is effective for imparting the ability to do fast hydrolytic degradation of 3D printed objects.

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Surface Modification of 3D‐Printed Micro‐ and Macro‐Structures via In Situ Nitroxide‐Mediated Radical Photopolymerization

Wu,

Leuschel,

Nam

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Photo‐controlled reversible‐deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) has recently emerged in light‐based 3D printing at macro‐ and micro‐scales, enabling the elaboration of objects with (re‐)configurable surface properties. The authors' previous work exploits nitroxide‐mediated radical photopolymerization (NMP2) in 3D micro‐printing and subsequent surface modification, by employing analkoxyamine‐based photoresist via 3D direct laser writing (DLW). However, this photoresist suffers from its low photosensitivity to wavelengths above 760 nm, limiting its suitability for commercial 3D DLW setups. To tackle these issues, a new strategy—in situ NMP2 based on a photoresist containing acommercial photoinitiator and a photosensitive‐nitroneis proposed. This photoresist is well‐suited for wavelengths commonly used by 3D DLW systems to obtain well‐defined 3D microstructures. Importantly, the in‐situ formation of alkoxyamine during fabrication allows photo‐induced surface modification of microstructures, highlighted by precise and successive surface patterning. Thesurface modification can be conducted at 800 nm or at wavelengths up to 860 nm. Subsequently, the impact of light wavelength and intensity isinvestigated to understand surface modification. The simple preparation of this novel photoresist allows facile adaptation to digital light processing for 3D macro‐printing. This work broadens the scope of photo‐controlled RDRP in 3D printing and greatly facilitates “living” 3D micro‐ and macro‐printing.

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3D printing and growth induced bending based on PET-RAFT polymerization

Abstract: We demonstrated a method for PET-RAFT growth induced bending of a 3D printed strip using visible light, where the growth on one side of the strip causes stress and the strip bends accordingly to reach a more comfortable position.

Cited by 35 publications

References 57 publications

Rapid High‐Resolution 3D Printing and Surface Functionalization via Type I Photoinitiated RAFT Polymerization

Rapid High‐Resolution 3D Printing and Surface Functionalization via Type I Photoinitiated RAFT Polymerization

Fast Hydrolytically Degradable 3D Printed Object Based on Aliphatic Polycarbonate Thiol‐Yne Photoresins

Surface Modification of 3D‐Printed Micro‐ and Macro‐Structures via In Situ Nitroxide‐Mediated Radical Photopolymerization

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