3D printed highly elastic strain sensors of multiwalled carbon nanotube/thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites

Christ, Josef F.; Aliheidari, Nahal; Ameli, Amir; Pötschke, Petra

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2017.06.011

Cited by 366 publications

(273 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…To further examine the 3D printed samples, cyclic strains of 10%, 25% and 50% were performed and illustrated in Figure 2b-d respectively, of cycles between 11th to 20th cycles. The samples showed gradual increase of change in resistance with strain loading and decrease with unloading, which is described as positive strain effect [5]. It was also observed that the addition of TPU to GP enhanced the sensitivity of the strain sensors, which can be confirmed in all of the cyclic strains shown in Figure 2b-d.…”

Section: Cyclic Strain Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…For strain sensing applications, PLA has strong bonding with Graphene and ease of 3D printability, however; its rigidity limits the stretchability [4]. On the other hand, thermoplastic polyurenthene (TPU) is stretchable and printable material, but has an inherent negative strain effect due to the poison ratio effect, which limits the sensitivity of any stretchable sensors [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D Printing of Highly Stretchable and Sensitive Strain Sensors Using Graphene Based Composites

2018

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In this research, we present the development of 3D printed, highly stretchable and sensitive strain sensors using Graphene based composites. Graphene, a 2D material with unique electrical and piezoresistive properties, has already been used to create highly sensitive strain sensors. In this new study, by co-printing Graphene based Polylactic acid (PLA) with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), a highly stretchable and sensitive strain sensor based on Graphene composites can be 3D printed for the first time in strain sensors. The fabrication process of all materials is fully compatible with fused deposition modeling (FDM) based 3D printing method, which makes it possible to rapidly prototype and manufacture highly stretchable and sensitive strain sensors. The mechanical properties, electrical properties, sensitivity of the 3D printed sensors will be presented.

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Section: Cyclic Strain Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printing of Highly Stretchable and Sensitive Strain Sensors Using Graphene Based Composites

2018

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“…A linear electromechanical or strain sensing response was observed. Christ et al [14] assembled MWCNT-polyurethane (PU) nanocomposites using fused deposition modeling and investigated their strain sensing response while varying MWCNT concentrations from 2 to 5 wt%. The results showed that the 2 wt% MWCNT-PU nanocomposite had the highest strain sensitivity, S (of~176), while S of the 5 wt% MWCNT-PU nanocomposite was~8.6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of carbon nanotube alignment on nanocomposite sensing performance

Lee

Zhi

Loh

2020

Mater. Res. Express

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The objective of this study is to derive a numerical model of carbon nanotube (CNT)-based thin films that accurately reflect their electrical and electromechanical performance as observed through experimental tests. Although nanocomposites based on CNTs dispersed in polymer matrices have been studied extensively, their nanocomposite properties vary depending on CNT orientations. This study aimed to explain how differences in nanocomposite behavior could be revealed by numerical models considering different CNT alignment conditions. First, a percolation-based thin film model was generated by randomly dispersing CNT elements in a predefined two-dimensional domain. The degree of CNT alignment in the film was controlled by limiting the CNT elements' maximum angle they make with respect to the film's longitudinal axis. Then, numerical simulations on CNT-based film models were conducted. Second, multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-epoxy films were prepared via drop casting. Alternating current was applied to the MWCNT-epoxy mixture before curing to prepare films with different degrees of CNT alignment. The electrical and electromechanical properties of these specimens were characterized, and the results were compared with simulations. Good agreement between experiments and simulations was observed.

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“…The latest studies reported that multiaxial force sensors [29,30], 3D soft auxetic lattice structures [31][32][33][34] and biomedical scaffolds [35] have been successfully fabricated with TPU powder via SLS technology. Some researches focus on the effect of the powder size and morphology on the mechanical properties and shape of final SLS fabricated products [36][37][38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic morphology, thermodynamic and mechanical properties of thermoplastic polyurethane fabricated by selective laser sintering

Pan

Liu

Zheng³

et al. 2020

Mater. Res. Express

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Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is one of the elastomeric polymers which has widespread applicability in various fields. Selective laser sintering (SLS) technology is gradually being used to manufacture actual end-use components and enables novel applications (footwear, healthcare mattresses, cable and wire) for TPU. This work aims to explore an optimum protocol (laser power, scanning speed and layer thickness) for SLS fabricated TPU components, and to evaluate the processability of TPU powder through systematically analyzing the morphological properties, structure, melting temperature, crystallization characteristics and tensile properties under different processing parameters. The optimum SLS processing parameters for TPU are laser speed of 3500 mm s −1 , laser power of 25 W and layer thickness of 0.1 mm. The tensile strength and superlative toughness of SLS-fabricated TPU samples can reach up to 20.02 MPa and 26 631 J mm −3 , respectively. The tensile strength of optimized SLS specimens (parameters: 20 W, 4500 mm s −1 , 0.15 mm) has been increased by 87.1% compared to that of reference.

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3D printed highly elastic strain sensors of multiwalled carbon nanotube/thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites

Cited by 366 publications

References 45 publications

3D Printing of Highly Stretchable and Sensitive Strain Sensors Using Graphene Based Composites

3D Printing of Highly Stretchable and Sensitive Strain Sensors Using Graphene Based Composites

Effect of carbon nanotube alignment on nanocomposite sensing performance

Microscopic morphology, thermodynamic and mechanical properties of thermoplastic polyurethane fabricated by selective laser sintering

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