3D-modelling of conjugate heat and mass transfers: Effects of storage conditions and species on wood high temperature treatment

Thermal treatment of wood using vegetable oils: A review

“…In addition to that, higher amount of acetyl groups presents in hardwoods release more acetic acid during heat treatment that catalyses acid hydrolysis and consequently results in higher weight loss compared to softwoods [58]. Oumarou et al [59] reported that the impact of heat treatment is directly proportionate to the specific gravity of the wood. Wood with higher specific gravity, or denser wood, has lower temperature during thermal treatment and requires higher energy to heat due to its lower diffusivity.…”

Some investigations on moisture injection, moisture diffusivity and thermal conductivity using a three-dimensional computation of wood heat treatment at high temperature

“…Two modes of diffusion processes occurred in the wood sample [41] during heat treatment at high temperature. Thus, heat and mass transfers in wood were described by the following three-dimensional equations [31,39,42]:…”

“…The mathematical equations for the coupled system were resolved in two steps [39]. Firstly, the commercial software ANSYS CFX-10 was used to solve hydrodynamic equations for the flow of gas [48].…”

“…In this study, a three dimensional mathematical computation adapted from Oumarou and co-workers' approach [39] was used to investigate thermal treatment of wood at high temperature. There were coupled average Navier-Stokes equations for turbulent fluid flow field with the diffusion equations for heat and mass transfers in the wood sample.…”

Influence of Heat Treatment on the Water Uptake Behavior of Wood

“…Cellulose is one of the three main polymers in woody material; the linear polymeric structure of cellulose undergoes great changes in its chemistry, crystallinity, and microstructure during carbonization (Dumanlı and Windle 2012). Without using chemicals, heat treatment at a high temperature reduces the hygroscopicity of wood, while also improving its dimensional stability and its resistance to biological degradation (Oumarou et al 2014). Based on observing the pyrolysis of nine wood samples, there are only small changes in the nanostructure of the cellulose microfibrils in the bulk wood sample treated below 250 °C.…”