3D inkjet-printed UV-curable inks for multi-functional electromagnetic applications

Saleh, Ehab; Woolliams, Peter; Clarke, Bob; Gregory, Andrew; Greedy, Steve; Smartt, Christopher; Wildman, Ricky D.; Ashcroft, Ian; Hague, Richard; Dickens, Phill; Tuck, Christopher

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2016.10.002

Cited by 71 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In this scope, UV curable polymer formulations are distinctively suitable for being implemented by AM technologies due to their rapid cure, wide range of properties, and dimensional accuracy, being inks based on UV curable polymers increasingly used to fabricate smart materials …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State‐of‐the‐Art and Future Challenges of UV Curable Polymer‐Based Smart Materials for Printing Technologies

Mendes‐Felipe

Oliveira

Etxebarria

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Technologies

233

168

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The one‐step printing of fully functional electronic devices is one of the main goals of additive manufacturing. In general, this approach is increasingly growing, being one of the key developments additive manufacturing processes based on ultraviolet curing. The main reasons for this increasing interest in UV curing based technologies are its advantages, such as fast curing at room temperature, space and energy efficiency, high‐resolution patterns, and solvent‐free formulations. Despite the important developments, some challenges remain with respect to improving UV curing process and, in particular, to obtain smart UV curable materials, many times based on the inclusion of specific nanoparticles in a UV curable polymer matrix. Thus, this paper reviews the recent developments in UV curable smart materials for printing technologies focusing on both materials and processes. The curing mechanisms and the main materials used in UV photocurable resins are reviewed as well as the main smart and multifunctional materials obtained based on them. Finally, a summary of the main achievement and the future needs are indicated. This review represents therefore a landmark for the development of a new generation of UV curable smart and multifunctional materials and solutions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State‐of‐the‐Art and Future Challenges of UV Curable Polymer‐Based Smart Materials for Printing Technologies

Mendes‐Felipe

Oliveira

Etxebarria

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Technologies

233

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, multiple steps may be required to obtain optimal dielectric properties in conjunction with high conductivity metal lines for RF structures [77]. Polymeric dielectrics can be cured using several methods.…”

Section: Postprint Curing Of Dielectricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printable Materials for the Realization of High Performance RF Components: Challenges and Opportunities

Rosker

Sandhu

Hester

et al. 2018

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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Printing methods such as additive manufacturing (AM) and direct writing (DW) for radio frequency (RF) components including antennas, filters, transmission lines, and interconnects have recently garnered much attention due to the ease of use, efficiency, and low-cost benefits of the AM/DW tools readily available. The quality and performance of these printed components often do not align with their simulated counterparts due to losses associated with the base materials, surface roughness, and print resolution. These drawbacks preclude the community from realizing printed low loss RF components comparable to those fabricated with traditional subtractive manufacturing techniques. This review discusses the challenges facing low loss RF components, which has mostly been material limited by the robustness of the metal and the availability of AM-compatible dielectrics. We summarize the effective printing methods, review ink formulation, and the postprint processing steps necessary for targeted RF properties. We then detail the structure-property relationships critical to obtaining enhanced conductivities necessary for printed RF passive components. Finally, we give examples of demonstrations for various types of printed RF components and provide an outlook on future areas of research that will require multidisciplinary teams from chemists to RF system designers to fully realize the potential for printed RF components.

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“…For example, in UV curable acrylate‐based ink, the percentage of surfactants added is 0.05–1.5 wt % . Furthermore, some commercial UV curable inks usually have between 0.2 and 3.0 wt % of surfactants. Thus, the trend observed here is relatively close to that observed in commercial applications.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical study of surface agglomeration of ultraviolet‐polymeric ink and its control during 3D nano‐inkjet printing process

Aphinyan

Ang

Yeo

et al. 2018

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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There is a pressing need in very small scale three‐dimensional (3D) inkjet printing to control and reduce agglomeration, as agglomeration often leads to nozzle clogging. While agglomeration within ultraviolet ink has been studied, there has been, to our knowledge, no extensive studies conducted for surface agglomeration of the ink on nozzle's wall. This numerical study therefore focuses on investigating if surfactants can effectively control surface agglomeration during nanodroplet formation. Many‐body dissipative particle dynamics is the numerical method of choice here. We found that small amount of surfactant of about 1 wt % is sufficient to effectively reduce ink deposition on the nozzle's wall. However, by using the properties of a commercially available surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate, it was found that the maximum reduction achieved by its addition is only 60%. Thus, further physical or chemical deagglomeration techniques are required, and we show that by considering these other techniques, reduction of surface agglomeration to nearly 92% can be achieved. Finally, we found that adding surfactants has the additional benefit of improving total kinetic energy of the ink compositions, lowering possibility of agglomerations within the ink. It also raises the nanodroplet velocity while reducing nanodroplet breakup time, which can help speed up the process of 3D printing process. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 1615–1624

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3D inkjet-printed UV-curable inks for multi-functional electromagnetic applications

Cited by 71 publications

References 41 publications

State‐of‐the‐Art and Future Challenges of UV Curable Polymer‐Based Smart Materials for Printing Technologies

State‐of‐the‐Art and Future Challenges of UV Curable Polymer‐Based Smart Materials for Printing Technologies

Printable Materials for the Realization of High Performance RF Components: Challenges and Opportunities

Numerical study of surface agglomeration of ultraviolet‐polymeric ink and its control during 3D nano‐inkjet printing process

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