3D hierarchical nitrogen-doped carbon nanoflower derived from chitosan for efficient electrocatalytic oxygen reduction and high performance lithium–sulfur batteries

Guo, Daying; Wei, Hai-Zhen; Chen, X.; Liu, M.; Ding, Feng; Yang, Zhi; Yang, Yun; Wang, Shun; Yang, Keqin; Huang, Shaoming

doi:10.1039/c7ta04728b

Cited by 90 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Moreover, the sulfur loading of cathodes with hSCNC reached up to 4.5 mg cm −2 . [29] Li et al reported that incorporation of phosphorene into a porous carbon nanofiber network as the cathode for Li-S batteries can significantly improve their cycle life, [30] which is attributed to phosphorene's ability to immobilize LiPSs, as shown in Figure 1c. They also reported that employing hierarchical N-doped carbon nanocages (hNCNC) to encapsulate sulfur as the cathode, the Li-S batteries showed excellent durability after 1000 cycles at 10 A g −1 with a capacity of 438 mAh g −1 .…”

Section: Single Heteroatom-doped Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption‐Catalysis Design in the Lithium‐Sulfur Battery

Zhang

Chen

Xue

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

292

233

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Lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries are one of the most promising next‐generation energy‐storage systems. Nevertheless, the sluggish sulfur redox and shuttle effect in Li‐S batteries are the major obstacles to their commercial application. Previous investigations on adsorption for LiPSs have made great progress but cannot restrain the shuttle effect. Catalysts can enhance the reaction kinetics, and then alleviate the shuttle effect. The synergistic relationship between adsorption and catalysis has become the hotspot for research into suppressing the shuttle effect and improving battery performance. Herein, the adsorption‐catalysis synergy in Li‐S batteries is reviewed, the adsorption‐catalysis designs are divided into four categories: adsorption‐catalysis for LiPSs aggregation, polythionate or thiosulfate generation, and sulfur radical formation, as well as other adsorption‐catalysis. Then advanced strategies, future perspectives, and challenges are proposed to aim at long‐life and high‐efficiency Li‐S batteries.

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Section: Single Heteroatom-doped Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption‐Catalysis Design in the Lithium‐Sulfur Battery

Zhang

Chen

Xue

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

292

233

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“…Since the pioneering works on wet chemistry synthesis of silica (SiO 2 ) nanoparticles and mesoporous SiO 2 discovery, the use of nano‐ and mesoporous SiO 2 templates to produce 3D porous carbons via hard‐templating has gained considerable momentum, and many carbon structures with ordered mesopores using silica templating have been reported . Porous structures play a vital role in regulating the exposure of active sites and the diffusion of reactants and electrolytes .…”

Section: Designing 3d Porous Carbons For Electrocatalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Carbon Materials for Efficient Oxygen and Hydrogen Electrocatalysis

Sobrido

Jervis

Periasamy

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

107

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Sustainable energy production at an acceptable cost is key for its widespread application. At present, noble metals and metal oxides are the most widely used for electrocatalysis, but they suffer from low selectivity, poor durability, and scarcity. Because of this, metal‐free carbons have become the subject of great interest as promising alternative electrocatalysts for energy conversion and storage devices, and remarkable progress has been accomplished in the advance of metal‐free carbons as electrocatalysts for renewable energy technologies. Particularly interesting are 3D porous carbon architectures, which exhibit outstanding features for electrocatalysis applications, including broad range of active sites, interconnected porosity, high conductivity, and mechanical stability. This review summarizes the latest advances in 3D porous carbon structures for oxygen and hydrogen electrocatalysis. The structure–performance relationship of these materials is consequently rationalized and perspectives on creating more efficient 3D carbon electrocatalysts are suggested.

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“…The Cu x S@NC/S‐F cathode with a sulfur areal loading of 3.2–3.5 mg cm −2 and a high sulfur content of 80 wt% could deliver a high areal capacity of 3.83 mAh cm −2 at a current rate of 1 C. The electrodes with an areal loading of 1–3.2 mg cm −2 show an initial areal capacity of only 1.2–2.8 mAh cm −2 . And, the electrode with an areal sulfur loading of 4.5–7.5 mg cm −2 exhibits areal capacities between 1.91–3.14 mAh cm −2 . Obviously, the areal capacity of the Cu x S@NC/S‐F electrode is much higher than that of the reported sulfur electrodes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Moreover, Lou's group synthesized sulfur–carbon cathodes, which enabled excellent performance via covalently stabilizing sulfur species on amino‐functionalized reduced graphene oxide . With regard to nitrogen doping, it not only increases the conductivity and electrochemistry active sites but also results in a LiN bond to anchor LiPSs during the conversion reaction . Additionally, some metal particles (Fe, Cu) in situ oxidized to metal sulfide by Li 2 S x also exhibit the ability to chemically adsorb soluble sulfur species .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Formation of Copper‐Based Hosts Embedded within 3D N‐Doped Hierarchically Porous Carbon Networks for Ultralong Cycle Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Luo

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

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Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are promising energy storage systems due to their large theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh kg −1 and cost effectiveness. However, the severe shuttle effect of soluble lithium polysulfide intermediates (LiPSs) and sluggish redox kinetics during the cycling process cause low sulfur utilization, rapid capacity fading, and a low coulombic efficiency. Here, a 3D copper, nitrogen co-doped hierarchically porous graphitic carbon network developed through a freeze-drying method (denoted as 3D Cu@ NC-F) is prepared, and it possesses strong chemical absorption and electrocatalytic conversion activity for LiPSs as highly efficient sulfur host materials in Li-S batteries. The porous carbon network consisting of 2D cross-linked ultrathin carbon nanosheets provides void space to accommodate volumetric expansion upon lithiation, while the Cu, N-doping effect plays a critical role for the confinement of polysulfides through chemical bonding. In addition, after sulfuration of Cu@NC-F network, the in situ grown copper sulfide (Cu x S) embedded within Cu x S@NC/S-F composite catalyzes LiPSs conversion during reversible cycling, resulting in low polarization and fast redox reaction kinetics. At a current density of 0.1 C, the Cu x S@NC/S-F composites' electrode exhibits an initial capacity of 1432 mAh g −1 and maintains 1169 mAh g −1 after 120 cycles, with a coulombic efficiency of nearly 100%. development of advanced energy storage systems. Li-S batteries have been considered a new generation energy storage system because of their high theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh kg −1 and theoretical specific capacity of 1675 mAh g −1 , [1] and the merits of safe, low-cost and nonpolluting also make these batteries an exceptional storage system. To date, researchers' knowledge of boosting the energy density of Li-S batteries has resulted in an increase in energy density to 500 Wh kg −1 or more. However, a series of problems inherent in Li-S batteries remain unsolved, such as the low conductivity of sulfur (5 × 10 −30 S cm −1 at 25 °C) and its discharge products (Li 2 S/Li 2 S 2 ), [2] the solubility and shuttle effect of long-chain LiPS intermediates (Li 2 S n , 4 ≤ n ≤ 8), and large volume expansion of ≈80% cause low sulfur utilization, rapid capacity fading, and poor rate-performance and low coulombic efficiency, which still limit practical applications of Li-S batteries. [3,4] At the current stage of Li-S battery research, research has been concentrated on reducing the shuttle effect by advancing electrolyte additives, [5] optimizing cathode structures, [6] using modified separators or bifunctional interlayers, [7,8] and devising protective anode structures, [9] to enable sufficient protection and Lithium-Sulfur BatteriesThe ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.

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3D hierarchical nitrogen-doped carbon nanoflower derived from chitosan for efficient electrocatalytic oxygen reduction and high performance lithium–sulfur batteries

Abstract: A highly uniform N-doped carbon nanoflower was demonstrated as a bifunctional material for efficient electrocatalytic oxygen reduction and high performance lithium–sulfur batteries.

Cited by 90 publications

References 68 publications

Adsorption‐Catalysis Design in the Lithium‐Sulfur Battery

Adsorption‐Catalysis Design in the Lithium‐Sulfur Battery

3D Carbon Materials for Efficient Oxygen and Hydrogen Electrocatalysis

In Situ Formation of Copper‐Based Hosts Embedded within 3D N‐Doped Hierarchically Porous Carbon Networks for Ultralong Cycle Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

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